Micro-ultrasound may provide similar sensitivity to clinically significant prostate cancer as mpMRI and visualize all significant mpMRI targets. Unlike mpMRI, micro-ultrasound is performed in the office, in real-time during the biopsy procedure, and so is expected to maintain the cost-effectiveness of conventional ultrasound. Larger studies are needed before these results may be applied in a clinical setting.

CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a trans-membrane protein regulator of cell adhesion with a potent pro-migratory function in tumors. Given that proteolytic cleavage of the ectodomain correlates with outside-in oncogenic signaling, we characterized glycosylation in the context of cellular processing and expression of CDCP1 in prostate cancer. We detected 135 kDa full-length and proteolytic processed 70 kDa species in a panel of PCa cell models. The relative expression of full-length CDCP1 correlated with the metastatic potential of syngeneic cell models and an increase in surface membrane expression of CDCP1 was observed in tumor compared to adjacent normal prostate tissues. We demonstrated that glycosylation of CDCP1 is a prerequisite for protein stability and plasma membrane localization, and that the expression level and extent of N-glycosylation of CDCP1 correlated with metastatic status. Interestingly, complex N-linked glycans with sialic acid chains were restricted to the N-terminal half of the ectodomain and absent in the truncated species. Characterization of the extracellular expression of CDCP1 identified novel circulating forms and revealed that extracellular vesicles provide additional processing pathways. Employing immunoaffinity mass spectrometry, we detected elevated levels of circulating CDCP1 in patient urine with high-risk disease. Our results establish that differential glycosylation, cell surface presentation and extracellular expression of CDCP1 are hallmarks of PCa progression.

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urologists perceive preoperative positive urine culture rate to be > 25%. 71% order a urine culture preoperatively in all despite UA result, and 32% do so 1 week prior. Regardless of catheter status, 41.8% use a urine bacteria threshold of 10K CFU/mL to initiate treatment preoperatively. Ideal duration of treatment was 7 days in 35%, 5 days in 26%, and < 3 days in 26%. 58.8% would not post-pone surgery if preferred duration was not me. 15% repeated a urine culture preoperatively after treatment, and 35% would empirically treat with antimicrobials if a urine culture was not performed. The majority of experts administer 2 antimicrobials at time of urethroplasty with 42% preferring Aminoglycoside + Penicillin regardless of the urine culture. 18-24% of experts continue IV antimicrobials for longer than 24 hours. 61% administer oral antimicrobials until postoperative catheter removal (2-3 weeks). The majority give additional antimicrobials at catheter removal.CONCLUSIONS: There is substantial variability in antimicrobial administration for urethroplasty. Concern of over use of antimicrobials is based on the extensive use of antibiotics preoperatively and postoperatively. Opportunity and obligation exists to improve antimicrobial stewardship. Randomized trials are requisite to establish guidelines for judicious yet effective regimen(s).

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