The purpose of this study was to compare the damping effect of 16 types of shoeing by measuring hoof acceleration parameters on two trotting horses. At impact, maximal deceleration had extreme values such as 188 m/s²(± 55) for the most damping combination (p < 0.01) and 746 m/s² (± 14) for the steel shoe (mean = 551 m/s² ± 125). After the shock, the hoof was exposed to a mean vibrating acceleration at 418 Hz (± 84) which was progressively damped in 37.3 ms (± 10.5). According to these results, the damping ability of different farriery products significantly reduces (p < 0.05) shocks and vibrations at hoof impact in the athletic horse caused by runs on asphalt or similar surfaces. In practice, the use of the most efficient shoeing should help to reduce the incidence of the overused joint diseases in the athletic horse caused by runs on hard surfaces.

Contrarotating high speed propellers are able to significantly reduce fuel consumption of high subsonic aircrafts. The achievement of this goal requires the optimization of the transonic flow field on the blades in order to obtain high efficiency. For several years, 2D and 3D aerodynamic computational methods have been used to design high performance turbofans. A similar methodology can be developed for high speed propeller design, and this paper presents a typical application of such methods. We first present an application of the through-flow method. An outer fictitious casing is chosen in order to simulate undisturbed flow far from the propellers, and the mesh is adapted to the high swept blades. Radial distribution of loading is selected using aerodynamic criteria.using counter-rotation propellers to recover swirl loss. This solution leads to a reduction of the propeller diameter and a smaller reaction torque.

A three-dimensional Euler code for the computation of transonic steady flows using an explicit pseudounsteady method has been vectorized on an array processor (AP 120B) linked to a host computer (SEL 32/77). Computation speed comparable to that of a CDC 7600 computer is achieved by executing strings of vectorized operations in the array processor simultaneously with calculations at boundary points in the SEL computer and with data transfers between the mass memory and the host computer. A numerical application is presented for transonic flow in a fan rotor.