Objectives: Dementia is a costly diagnosis and increases an individual's cost of healthcare 2.2-2.4 fold. No studies have been published in the U.S. which assess the financial access barriers to care for patients with dementia. This study aims 1) to determine if patients with dementia have more financial access challenges to healthcare use than patients without dementia; and 2) to investigate if financial access barriers among patients with dementia varies by race/ethnicity. Methods: This is a pooled cross-sectional study using 2011-2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data. Financial access measurement was based on individuals "yes" response to any of the following survey prompts: "couldn't afford dental care past 12 months", "couldn't afford eyeglasses past 12 months", "couldn't afford to see a specialist past 12 months", or "couldn't afford follow-up care past 12 months". We performed univariate and bivariate analyses to describe respondent characteristics and to estimate an unadjusted association between dementia status and financial access. In addition, propensity score adjusted multivariate logistic regression was utilized. Results: 89,451 respondents were identified in this study. Approximately 26% (n=24,218) of respondents had at least one financial access challenge. About 81.57% (n=70,360) of respondents were white, while 12.11% (n=12,941) were black. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate results showed that patients with dementia are 50% more likely to have financial access challenges compared to those without dementia (AOR=0.50: 95% CI=(0.44, 0.56)). Multivariate analyses of race/ethnicity sub-groups showed that white patients with dementia are 60% more likely to have financial access challenges compared to their counterparts (AOR=0.40: 95% CI=(0.34, 0.46)). Conclusions: Individuals with dementia are more likely to have financial access challenges compared to individuals without dementia. Individuals of white race/ ethnicity with dementia are more likely to have financial access challenges. Healthcare providers should be sensitive to the potential financial access challenges for patients with dementia in daily clinical practice.

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patients was 50.98 (SD=15.17) years. Half of the patients (52.55%) were between 40 and 59 years of age. Patients received on average 5.46 prescriptions for an antithrombotic product during the year. Acetylsalicylic acid accounted for 55.62% of all the antithrombotic agents that were prescribed. Rivaroxaban accounted for 2.18% of prescriptions. A total of 223 patients received one or more prescriptions for rivaroxaban. The Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of rivaroxaban is 20 mg. The average Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD) was 18.01 (SD=7.90) mg (females 17.65 (SD=8.22) mg and males 18.30 (SD=7.63) mg). More than half of prescriptions (53.14%) were dispensed by pharmacies or by doctors, and the rest in hospitals. Conclusions: Few drug utilisation studies have been conducted in South Africa specifically focussing on rivaroxaban. From the current study, it seems as if the average PDDs were close to the DDD of 20 mg, but the sample size was too small to make definite conclusions. Studies where PDDs can be linked to ICD-10 codes are needed.

in 28.7% of cases, compared to 64.3% with FCM. Over 5 years, total estimated costs were DKK 21,406 per patient with IIM, relative to DKK 28,137 with FCM, corresponding to savings of DKK 6,731 with IIM. CONCLUSIONS: Using IIM in place of FCM markedly reduced the number of iron infusions required in patients with IBD and IDA in Denmark. The reduction in infusions was accompanied by reductions in cost relative to FCM.

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