The lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital or LADD syndrome is a true multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) syndrome characterized by hypoplasias, aplasias or atresias in the lacrimal system; anomalies of the ears and hearing loss; hypoplasias, aplasias or atresias in the region of the salivary system; dental anomalies; and digital malformations. The syndrome is thought to be an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity. It seems to be rare. Two new cases are reported and the clinical spectrum of the syndrome is reviewed. The paediatrician who is responsible for the child as a whole individual should know the LADD syndrome. Its early recognition may be important.

Due to ease of handling, high effectiveness and relatively low costs, iLA seems to be a useful system for treatment and transportation of patients with severe acute lung injury or ARDS suffering from life-threatening hypoxia and/or hypercapnia.

To test the hypothesis that characteristics of perinatal infection are associated with long‐term cognitive limitations among preterm infants, we analyzed data from 294 infants (142 females, 152 males) ≤1500g birthweight and <37 completed weeks of gestation who were examined at age 9 years. We identified 47 children (20 females, 27 males) who had a non‐verbal Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K‐ABC) scale standard value below 70, i.e. more than 2 SDs below the age‐adjusted mean. The 247 children (122 females, 125 males) with a score ≥70 served as control participants. Maternal nationality and education, and low gestational age were significantly associated with a K‐ABC non‐verbal standard value <70. Both neonatal brain damage (intraventricular hemorrhage) and long‐term sequelae (cerebral palsy [CP], diagnosed at age 6 years) were significantly associated with a below‐normal non‐verbal K‐ABC score. Maternal fever at birth was present in five cases (11%) and eight controls (3%; odds ratio 3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 11.4). Clinical chorioamnionitis and preterm labor and/or premature rupture of membranes (as opposed to toxemia and other initiators of preterm delivery) were also more common among cases than control participants. When adjusting for potential confounders such as gestational age, maternal education and nationality, and CP, the risk estimate for maternal fever remained unchanged (3.8, 0.97 to 14.6). We conclude that perinatal infection might indeed contribute to an increased risk for long‐term cognitive deficits in preterm infants.

Zarys treści. W pracy dokonano oceny zmienności liczby dni z maksymalną temperaturą powietrza 18,1-23,0°C w strefie polskiego wybrzeża Bałtyku, od kwietnia do września, w latach 1986-2013. Wykorzystano dobowe wartości maksymalnej temperatury powietrza z 6 stacji meteorologicznych IMGW -Świnoujście, Kołobrzeg, Koszalin, Ustka, Łeba i Hel. Użyteczność maksymalnej temperatury z przedziału 18,1-23°C do oceny warunków termoneutralnych (brak obciążeń cieplnych organizmu człowieka) zweryfikowano za pomocą wskaźnika UTCI. Określono trendy czasowe liczby dni z maksymalną temperaturą powietrza z przedziału 18,1-23,0°C -uznawaną za komfortową dla człowieka. Obliczono również procentowy udział liczby dni według pię-ciu przedziałów: <16,1°C, 16,1-18,0°C, 18,1-23,0°C, 23,1-25,0°C i >25°C na trzech wybranych stacjach: Świnoujście, Koszalin i Łeba. Latem (czerwiec-sierpień) dni z maksymalną temperaturą powietrza 18,1-23,0 o C występowały w strefie wybrzeża najczęściej pojedynczo oraz w okresach 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-i 6-dniowych. Uzyskano istotne związki statystyczne między miesięczną liczbą dni termoneutralnych a miesięczną temperaturą wody w strefie polskiego wybrzeża Bałtyku. Dni z temperaturą maksymalną z przedziału 18,1-23,0°C -dogodne do rekreacji, występowały w kwietniu sporadycznie, w maju rzadko, w czerwcu przeciętnie co trzeci dzień, a w lipcu i sierpniu w ponad 50% dni w miesiącu. Dane na temat dni termoneutralnych dla organizmu człowieka stanowią istotną informację o warunkach rekreacji na polskim wybrzeżu Bałtyku.Słowa kluczowe: temperatura maksymalna powietrza, dni termoneutralne, zmienność, półrocze ciepłe, wybrzeże Bałtyku.

To test the hypothesis that characteristics of perinatal infection are associated with long-term cognitive limitations among preterm infants, we analyzed data from 294 infants (142 females, 152 males) < or = 1500 g birthweight and <37 completed weeks of gestation who were examined at age 9 years. We identified 47 children (20 females, 27 males) who had a non-verbal Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) scale standard value below 70, i.e. more than 2 SDs below the age-adjusted mean. The 247 children (122 females, 125 males) with a score > or = 70 served as control participants. Maternal nationality and education, and low gestational age were significantly associated with a K-ABC non-verbal standard value <70. Both neonatal brain damage (intraventricular hemorrhage) and long-term sequelae (cerebral palsy [CP], diagnosed at age 6 years) were significantly associated with a below-normal non-verbal K-ABC score. Maternal fever at birth was present in five cases (11%) and eight controls (3%; odds ratio 3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 11.4). Clinical chorioamnionitis and preterm labor and/or premature rupture of membranes (as opposed to toxemia and other initiators of preterm delivery) were also more common among cases than control participants. When adjusting for potential confounders such as gestational age, maternal education and nationality, and CP, the risk estimate for maternal fever remained unchanged (3.8, 0.97 to 14.6). We conclude that perinatal infection might indeed contribute to an increased risk for long-term cognitive deficits in preterm infants.