The present study demonstrates that WMH burden is a significant predictor of conversion from PD-MCI to PD dementia and is related to ongoing decline in frontal-lobe-based cognitive performance.

Serum NGF level was positively associated with the presence of DPN but negatively associated with neuropathy severity in DPN patients. The change in serum NGF might be a consequence of, rather than a contributor to, the early development of DPN.

No abstract

Si͑111͒-5 ϫ 2-Au is investigated in detail using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy at 78 K. It is shown that topographic features in STM images are strongly dependent on bias voltages, including a new atomic feature, V unit. Detailed investigations of local distributions of electronic states by scanning tunneling microscopy, point spectroscopy, and current imaging tunneling spectroscopy suggest extensive charge transfers between intra-and interlocal unit cells. Comparisons of experimental and theoretical structural models proposed up to date are made and it is found that none of models truly reproduces all the features observed so far. Our findings suggest that further investigation is required.

SPIO-enhanced MRI demonstrated through in-vivo monitoring that macrophages participate in reperfusion injury at early stages of injury development. SPIO-enhanced MRI could be a useful tool to examine the inflammatory mechanisms involved in reperfusion brain injury.