Highlights• This brief reviews the interlinkages between food, nutrition and the environment in Indonesia, and the role of national food policies in addressing the challenges in these sectors.• While Indonesia is a mega-biodiverse country, nationally supported agricultural production programs tend to focus on a few high-value commodities, contributing to low dietary diversity.• Lessons from past food estate programs suggest that food system interventions that focus heavily on increasing monocropping, especially rice production, overlook the capacity of local people to develop their own food systems, while failing to provide healthy diets, and damaging the environment.• To move towards sustainable food systems, we argue that policies need to: focus on delivering healthy and diverse diets; support local food production practices that are environmentally sustainable; embrace local cultures and values; re-evaluate centralized and top-down policies; and avoid overly focusing on production of rice.• Policies that decentralize and localize food production can enhance resilience and the sustainability of food systems. Linking food, nutrition and the environment in IndonesiaA perspective on sustainable food systems
Tulisan ini menelaah keterkaitan pangan, gizi, dan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, serta peran kebijakan pangan nasional dalam menjawab tantangan di sektor-sektor tersebut.• Meski Indonesia merupakan negara mega-biodiversitas (sebutan untuk 17 negara dengan keanekaragaman hayati tertinggi di bumi), program nasional untuk mendukung produksi pertanian cenderung terfokus pada komoditas bernilai ekonomi tinggi, sehingga berkontribusi pada rendahnya keragaman pangan.• Pembelajaran dari program lumbung pangan terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa intervensi sistem pangan yang terpusat pada tanaman sejenis, khususnya produksi beras, mengabaikan kemampuan masyarakat lokal dalam mengembangkan sistem pangannya sendiri, serta merusak lingkungan, namun tetap gagal menyediakan pangan yang sehat.• Untuk melangkah menuju sistem pangan berkelanjutan, kami menyarankan agar kebijakan berfokus pada proses menghasilkan pangan yang sehat dan beragam; mendukung praktik produksi pangan lokal yang berkelanjutan bagi lingkungan; merangkul budaya dan kearifan lokal; mengkaji ulang kebijakan yang terpusat dan dilakukan dengan cara-cara otoritatif (top-down); serta menghindari perhatian yang hanya tertuju pada produksi beras. Kebijakan desentralisasi dan lokalisasi produksi pangan dapat meningkatkan ketahanan dan keberlanjutan sistem pangan.
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