Abstract. The influence of climate change on patterns has the potential to alter stability of partially saturated soil slopes. Changes in rainfall patterns have a strong influence on stability of partially saturated soil slopes, which recently have resulted in shallow landslides. In this paper, a comprehensive case study on the 2011 Umyeonsan (Mt.) landslides was highlighted. The incident involves the collapse of a soil slope and the debris flow under extreme-rainfall event, causing 16 fatalities and serious damaged to 146 housings. A fundamental study was carried out on the cause and mechanism of landslide/debris flow. An analytical method is developed for determining the failure mechanism of unsaturated soil slopes under extreme-rainfall, the effect of groundwater flow; the downward velocity of wetting front, and the upward velocity of groundwater level. Based on this, we propose the conceptual methodology of landslide design based on experimental tests and numerical analyses which consider the important mechanism of the combined effects of both groundwater flow and rainfall infiltration into the slope.

This paper describes an experimental investigation conducted to verify and substantiate the preceding analytical study, which was focused on the development of the thermal prestressing method (TPSM) including the basic concepts of the method and the methodology for numerical analysis of the thermal prestressing effect. The experimental results from this research, especially the initial stress measurement from a prototype bridge, prove that the method can be successfully used for prestressing continuous composite girder structures. Also, the experimental and analytical results exhibit good agreement, which implies that the thermal prestressing effect can be predicted with reasonable accuracy with the previous proposed methodology. It is concluded that the TPSM can be successfully applied to both the design and construction of continuous composite girder structures, and the authors are optimistic about the TPSM becoming an innovative solution for prestressing continuous composite girder bridges.

The negative bending moment near the intermediate supports of continuous composite girder bridges induces tensile stresses in the concrete deck. Although a relatively high ratio of reinforcement is present in these regions, tensile cracks are repeatedly reported. The tensile cracks rapidly deteriorate the concrete deck, giving rise to frequent need for maintenance work. Also owing to the tensile stresses, the concrete deck sections at the negative bending moment regions are ignored in the design process and this kind of design concept is a huge drawback regarding effective use of materials. Prestressing methods are usually utilised in this kind of situation for the concrete structures, but no effective and feasible method has yet been proposed for steel–concrete composite structures. In the current study, a new type of prestressing method entitled the thermal prestressing method (TPSM) is proposed for the innovative construction of continuous composite girder bridges. Basic concepts of the TPSM are introduced and a methodology for computing the TPSM effect is presented with illustrative examples.

This paper investigates wave loads of a flooded ship by model test. Model tests are performed in ocean engineering basin of MOERI (Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute). Ship motions are measured by RODYM6D. Wave loads such as shear forces, bending moments and torsion moments are measured by ATI load cell mounted on segmented parts of the ship model. A 300 m-long barge ship with two flooded compartments is considered in model test. Responses of intact and flooded cases are compared. The test results are also compared with numerical analyses using boundary element method.

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