These results suggest that fibroblast senescence and increased SCF secretion after repeated UV irradiation may be related to the pathogenesis of recurring hyperpigmentation disorders induced by chronic sun exposure.

To provide an engine room of mobile hydraulic vehicle with an effective cooling for the combination set of a radiator, a charge air cooler, and an oil cooler, a 500mm-diameter, axial fan is designed to have a 8,800 m3/hr at a resistance of 20mm Aq static pressure with a sound power level less than 86 LwA. The design parameters of sweep angle amplitude, wavelength of sweep angle change, airfoil type, and stagger angle are examined in terms of fan performance and its sound power generation. The surface curvatures generated by the sinusoidal sweep angle variation in the radial direction are proved to result in quite different flow patterns, thereby different types of specific sound power characteristics at the same flowrate. The acoustic noise sources are examined and discussed by using an acoustic imaging technique.