Although patients with mild or moderate scoliosis do not exhibit cardiopulmonary restrictions in basal static conditions, they do show a significant lower tolerance to maximal exercise. Respiratory inefficiency together with lower ventilation capacity and lower VO2 max may be responsible for reduced exercise tolerance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Exercise deconditioning in scoliotic patients cannot be attributed to brace treatment.

Circumferential lumbar fusion provides good clinical results at short-term follow-up. From 2- to 15-year follow-up, outcome worsened significantly. The high rate of ASD occurrence and reintervention questions the reliability of this technique for lumbar fusion.

Independent of the surgical technique used, the cervical spine had a tendency to decompensate and acquire a kyphotic sagittal profile. Constructs based on all pedicle screws have a stronger hypokyphotic effect on the thoracic spine, with a predisposition to greater decompensation of the cervical spine. Kyphotic changes in the C2-C7 sagittal alignment induced by scoliosis correction are correlated with the level of the upper-instrumented vertebra.

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Objective: To analyze the results obtained with a new surgical technique for minimally invasive (MIS) isolated posterior approach to the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods: We compared two similar groups of patients with AIS of Lenke type 1A. The groups were similar in age, sex, Cobb angle, apex of the curve, vertebral rotation, thoracic kyphosis, fusion levels, type of instrumentation and follow-up. Group 1 was treated with a mini-invasive technique and Group 2 by the conventional method. We analyzed surgery time, intraoperative blood loss, analgesic requirements in the period immediately after surgery, hospitalization times, rate of screw malposition, loss of correction, rate of pseudoarthrosis, and implant mobilization. Results: In Group 1 (MIS) the surgery significantly decreased bleeding and there was a lower incidence of malpositioned screws in the recess than in the conventionally-treated group, however the surgery lasted longer. Both groups had similar analgesic requirements, and hospitalization times did not differ significantly. In the long-term, neither group showed any cases of non-union, correction losses, or mobilization of the implants. Conclusions: The MIS technique demonstrated longer surgery time and less blood loss, but did not reduce the analgesic requirements or hospitalization times. Initial correction of scoliosis by convexity decreased the incidence of malpositioned screws in the concavity. There was no losses resulting in correction, mobilization of the implants, or non-union. RESUMOObjetivo: Analisar os resultados de uma nova técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva (MIS, de minimally invasive surgery) em abordagem posterior isolada para a correção cirúrgica de escoliose idiopática do adolescente (EIA). Métodos: Foram comparados dois grupos de pacientes com EIA Lenke tipo 1A, semelhantes quanto a idade, sexo, ângulo de Cobb, ápice da curva, rotação vertebral, cifose torácica, níveis de fusão, tipo de instrumentação e acompanhamento. Os pacientes do Grupo 1 foram tratados com a técnica minimamente invasiva que será descrita e o Grupo 2, da maneira convencional. Foi analisado tempo de cirurgia, sangramento intraoperatório, necessidade de analgésicos no pós-operatório imediato, estadia hospitalar, taxa de mau posicionamento do parafuso, perda da correção, taxa de pseudoartrose e mobilidade dos implantes. Resultados: No Grupo 1 (MIS),a cirurgia diminuiu significativamente o sangramento e houve menor incidência de parafusos mau posicionados no orifício do que no grupo de tratamento convencional, porém o tempo de cirurgia foi maior. Ambos os grupos tiveram necessidade de analgésicos semelhante e o tempo de internação não apresentou diferenças. A longo prazo, em nenhum dos dois grupos houve casos de não-união, perdas de correção nem mobilidade dos implantes. Conclusões: A técnica MIS mostrou tempo operatório prolongado e menos perda de sangue, sem reduzir a necessidade de analgésicos nem o tempo de permanência no hospital. A correção inicial da escoliose pela co...