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Objective: To assess the natural evolution of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in a retrospective study conducted in a specialized primary care setting of patients detected from the cervical cancer prevention program. Materials and Methods: A review of all cytological examinations between January and December 2002, with 24 months follow-up was conducted in LSIL patients. Follow-up with cytological testing and colposcopy were performed every 6 months, and a biopsy was performed in cases that were indicated by protocol. Patients were not systemically or topically treated in any case. Results: During the study period, 4,152 women received cytology testing, and 122 had LSIL (prevalence, 2.9%). One hundred eleven patients (91%) completed the follow-up, and the remaining patients were lost for various reasons. The age distribution was as follows: 3.2% (G20 years), 34.4% (20Y29 years), 25.4% (30Y39 years), 27.2% (40Y49 years), 9% (50Y59 years), and 0.8% (960 years). Spontaneous regression was observed in 79 (71.3%) of women who completed follow-up. Regression was observed in 51.8% of patients within 12Y18 months and in 48.2% of patients within 18Y24 months of cytological testing. Regression according to age group was as follows: 100% (G20 years), 79.5% (20Y29 years), 60.6% (30Y39 years), 81.8% (40Y49 years), 90.9% (50Y59 years), and 100% (960 years). Conclusions: The general tendency of natural regression in LSIL patients without any specific risk factors identified is supported by our results. 2007, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology