This is the first study to demonstrate increased H(2)O(2) in exhaled breath condensate in patients with localized breast malignancy and its relation with clinical severity.

By using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting assays in the presence of polyclonal antiserum raised against electrophoretically specific polypeptides of colorectal cancer nuclear polypeptides with M(r) of 35-40 kDa, we have identified p36 protein whose expression accompanies tumorigenesis of large intestine. Immunological analysis of 35 nuclear protein preparations has indicated expression of p36 antigen in nine of 11 right-sided (81.8%) and 21 of 24 (87.5%) left-sided colorectal tumor cases, but not in any control tissue samples. In this study, we have identified p36 antigen in two colon tumor cell lines, i.e., SW620 and HT29 as well. Fractionation experiments based on selective extraction of nuclei isolated from cancerous specimens, which enables their separation into chromatin, nuclear matrix and its subfraction, i.e., internal and peripheral matrix have revealed the concentration of this particular antigen in the internal matrix.

During colorectal carcinogenesis, specific expression of several nuclear proteins takes place. One of them, the polypeptide of 36 kDa not found in normal colonic epithelium, was shared by over 83% of the studied carcinomas despite variations in detailed cancer properties. This particular nuclear protein may be considered as a potential marker for the colon malignancy.

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IntroductionBackground: Due to an imbalanced redox status, cancer cells generate intrinsically higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), compared to normal cells. Targeting ROS is an important therapeutic strategy for cancer as exemplified by cancer drugs, which induce ROS-dependent synergistic cytotoxicity in gastric cancer cells. The present study was designed to assess the level of selected oxidative stress biomarkers in blood plasma, derived from gastric cancer patients.Material and methodsThe study included the assessment of the oxidative/nitrative biomarkers in blood plasma isolated form 51gastric (adenocarcinoma) cancer patients, compared to a control group of 32 healthy volunteers. Oxidative stress was evaluated using a panel of biomarkers such as plasma protein thiol groups and 3-nitrotyrosine levels as well as indicators of plasma lipid peroxidation, i.e. lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Additionally, the total antioxidant capacity of blood plasma (non-enzymatic capacity of blood plasma, NEAC) was also estimated.ResultsOur results showed that patients with gastric cancer had changed levels of thiol groups (a decrease, p<0.001) and 3-nitrotyrosine (an increase, p<0.0001), LOOH (an increase, p<0.05), TBARS (an increase, p<0.05), NEAC (a decrease, p<0.0001), compared to the control group.ConclusionsThe presented study indicates on a considerable oxidative/nitrative stress in gastric cancer patients. Our pilot study shows that not a single marker, but a biomarkers panel may be a more reliable representation of oxidative stress in patients with gastric cancer.