The effects of temperature and soil water potential on maize germination were investigated in controlled environment conditions and the effects of depth of planting and a mulch on maize emergence were studied in a field experiment in eastern Kenya. The rate of germination increased to an optimum temperature of 33.6°C above a base temperature of 6.1°C and decreased above the optimum to zero germination at 42.9°C. The thermal time for median germination increased from 51.5°Cd to 56.4°Cd as soil matric potential decreased from -5 to -40 kPa. Soil water content, depth of planting, and their interaction had significant (P< 0.001) effects on final germination and emergence but mulch, or any interactions involving mulch, had no such effects. Increasing depth of planting by 1 cm increased the thermal time required for emergence by 2.8°Cd, and decreasing water content by 1 % increased the thermal time required for emergence by 3.2°Cd.
Germinaciony emergencia del maiz
RESUMENSe investigaron los efectos de la temperatura y el potencial de agua del suelo en la germinacion del maiz bajo condiciones ambientales controladas, y se estudiaron los efectos de la profundidad de siembra y el uso de 'mulch' en un experimento de campo en el este de Kenia. El mdice de germinacion se incremento a una temperatura optima de 33,6°C por encima de una temperatura de base de 6,1°C, y se redujo de una germinacion optima a nula, a 42,9°C. El tiempo termico para la germinacion media subio de 51,5°Cd a 56,4°Cd, a la vez que el potencial de matriz del suelo se redujo de -5 a -40 kPa. El contenido de agua del suelo, la profundidad de siembra, y su interaction tuvieron un efecto significativo (p < 0,001) en la germinacion final y la emergencia; pero el uso de 'mulch', o cualquier interaction con el, no produjo un efecto similar. El aumento de la profundidad de siembra en 1 cm incremento el tiempo termico necesario para la emergencia en 2,8°Cd, y la reduction del contenido de agua en un 1% incremento el tiempo termico necesario para la emergencia en 3,2°Cd.
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