An attempt is being made to determine the importance of palm and lauric oil today and in the coming years of this decade whereby their industrial use in western Europe is considered outside the field of human and animal nutrition. The basic oleochemicals like fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, fatty alcohols and their most important derivatives are discussed as the essential products. Detergents are one of the most significant areas of application for basic oleochemicals and their derivatives. Changes in the application profiles of the final products are expected for the detergent industry in the coming years. These tendencies have been scrutinized with respect to their influence on future demand for palm and lauric oil. The competitiveness of natural oil‐based oleochemicals versus ethylene‐and paraffin‐based synthetics is of great significance for the development of natural oils. It is attempted to elucidate the chances of natural oleochemicals in connection with petrochemical raw material developments.
Basic oleochemicals are produced by splitting and further reactions of oils and fats: fatty acids, glycerine, fatty acid methyl esters, fatty alcohols and amines. The last two are included in the list of oleochemical raw materials, primarily because of their importance in the preparations of further derivatives. The wide range of derivatives of oleochemical raw materials such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, quaternary ammonium compounds and soaps are summarized. Oleochemicals such as fatty alcohols and glycerine from oils and fats have equivalents on the basis of petrochemicals. Using the customary terminology, petrochemical products are referred to as “synthetics.” The are included in the present discussion because in the application of oleochemical raw materials the origin of the material is often less important than the structure. Oleochemistry can be regarded as a mature branch of chemistry, with many applications for its products, but with few completely new fields. The challenge and the opportunities for oleochemistry today lie in the changing economic and ecological conditions. Availability and price development of oils and fats are discussed with particular reference to European conditions, for these are the prerequisites if oleochemicals are to be competitive and are to improve their chances in the marketplace. The importance and development of the oleochemical raw material fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, glycerine, fatty alcohols and amines are considered on the basis of historical data. In considering future developments of oleochemicals, the capacity, demand and the possible influence of petrochemistry or crude oil is discussed. The highly developed oleochemical raw materials industry is a flexible supplier of medium‐to long‐chain fatty alkyl groups. These facts, together with the well organized supply lines for raw materials and the considerable potential of these renewable raw materials, could provide the necessary conditions for the oleochemical raw materials industry to fulfil its future tasks on a larger scale. This could arise, for example, due to the partial substitution of petrochemical surfactants, if this should become necessary as a result of developments in the price and availability of crude oil, or on grounds of ecological factors.
Zwei Kernfragen werden der Fettchemie gestellt: Konnte sich die Fettchemie stiirker als bisher enhvickeln, wenn die Okologie Momentum gewinnt, wenn Umweltprobleme noch ernster genommen werden? Wenn das der Fall w%re, und es wiirden nachwachsende Rohstoffe in wesentlich groDeren Mengen verwendet, schadet oder hilft das der Umwelt? Beschrieben wird der okologische EinfluD fettchemischer Stoffe. Anhand einer quantitativen oko-Bilanz werden der Energieverbrauch und die C0,-Generierung von zwei Basisrohstoffen der Tensidchemievon Fettalkohol und linearem Alkylbenzolsulfonatmiteinander verglichen. Diskutiert wird das ,Fur und Wider" nachwachsender Rohstoffe: Monokulturen, Regenwaldvernichtung, Agrariiberschusse, Energieeinsparungum nur einige Stichworte zu nennen. Die Auswirkung auf den Kohlenstoff-Kreislauf bei verstiirktem Einsatz nachwachsender Rohstoffe und die Verfiigbarkeit von Olen und Fetten bei steigendem Bedarf werden dargestellt. Dabei zeigt sich. daB durch die Moglichkeiten der Energieeinsparung und einer gewissen C0,-Minderung die Umwelt eher entlastet als belastet wird.
No abstract
Nachwachsende Rohstoffe konnen okologische Vorteile wie Regenerierbarkeit, Ressourcenschonung, unendliche Verfiigbarkeit und gegebenenfalls leichte Abbaubarkeit der Endprodukte sowie Stoffriickfiihrung mit sich bringen. In der offentlichen Diskussion werden die genannten Vorteile zunehmend okologisch hinterfragt: 1st der Bedarf an Diinger und Pflanzenschutzmitteln zu hoch? Miissen die durch den landwirtschaftlichen Anbau entstehenden Beeintriichtigungen des dkosystems wie Grundwasseremissionen oder Erosionsschiiden in Kauf genommen werden? Mit gewissen Einschrhkungendas soziookonomische Umfeld wird nicht untersuchtenveist sich die Methode der dkobilanz als eine Untersuchungsmethode, um das okologische Geschehen in einem Gesamtzusammenhang zu sehen: sozusagen ,,von der Wiege bis zur Bahre". Es wird allerdings angemerkt, daO ihre Durchfiihrung nicht in allen Fallen einheitlich gehandhabt wird. So resultieren gerade bei der Okobilanz von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen erhebliche Differenzen aus der unterschiedlichen Bewertung landwirtschaftlicher Reststoffe. Der Begriff ,,Abfall" in landwirtschaftlichen und industriellen Systemen wird diskutiert. Am Beispiel der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion von Olpalmen und der Gewinnung von Palmol in Malaysia wird dargestellt, daE auf der Plantage und der dlmiihle ein nahezu geschlossenes Recyclingsystem besteht. In der Arbeit wird weiterhin der COz-Kreislauf in landwirtschaftlichen Systemen behandelt.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.