The differential elastic-scattering cross sections of 1-BeV protons on hydrogen, helium, carbon, and oxygen have been measured. The nuclear data exhibit diffractionlike structure associated with the multiple scattering of protons by nucleons inside the nuclei. The experimental technique provides a new and powerful method for studying nucleon-nucleon correlations inside the nucleus.

This paper is a report of elastic and inelastic scattering of protons on deuterons for center-of-mass angles between 10 and 170 deg. The measurements were carried out with a monochromatic beam of T = 1 BeV protons at the Brookhaven Cosmotron. A high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, utilizing digital wire spark chambers, was used to measure the momentum of the scattered particles. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the equipment. The details of the apparatus have been described elsewhere. 1 For this report it suffices to state that an on-line computer was used to partially analyze and display the data as they were being taken to guarantee that the system was performing properly. All data were recorded on magnetic tape for later analysis. The pertinent experimental parameters are the angular resolution of ±0.1° and the energy resolution of 3-MeV full width at half-maximum.In order to cover the full range of scattering angles, the measurements were carried out by detecting the protons in the high-resolution spectrometer for the forward-scattering angles and the deuterons in the spectrometer for the background angles. For center-of-mass angles between 9.8 and 74 deg (proton angles between 5.4 and 44 deg in the laboratory), proton momentum spectra were measured. The general features of the momenta spectra in this angular range are a main "elastic" peak followed by a break-up spectrum which increases, relative to the elastic part, with increasing angle.For center-of-mass angles between 87 and 170 deg the recoil deuterons were detected in the high-resolution spectrometer with corresponding laboratory angles between 44 and 5 deg. The spectra contain a single peak separated by -150 MeV from a large continuum associated with events from the reaction/) +d-»p + d + ir. At the momentum of the elastic deuterons no protons are kinematically possible;

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