-New regulations on pollutants and, specially, on CO 2 emissions could restrict the use of the internal combustion engine in automotive applications. This paper presents a review of different technologies under development for meeting such regulations, ranging from new combustion concepts to advanced boosting methods and after-treatment systems. Many of them need an accurate control of the operating conditions and, in many cases, they impose demanding requirements at a system integration level. In this framework, engine control disciplines will be key for the implementation and development of the next generation engines, taking profit of recent advancements in models, methods and sensors. According to authors' opinion, the internal combustion engine will still be the dominant technology in automotive applications for the next decades.Re´sume´-Un challenge pour le futur du moteur a`combustion interne : nouvelles technologies et roˆle du controˆle moteur -Les nouvelles normes sur les e´missions, en particulier le CO 2 , pourraient re´duire l'utilisation du moteur a`combustion interne pour les ve´hicules. Cet article pre´sente une revue de diffe´rentes technologies en cours de de´veloppement afin de respecter ces normes, depuis de nouveaux concepts de combustion jusqu'a`des syste`mes avance´s de suralimentation ou de post-traitement. La plupart de ces technologies demande un controˆle pre´cis des conditions de fonctionnement et impose souvent de fortes contraintes lors de l'inte´gration des syste`mes. Dans ce contexte et en profitant des dernie`res avance´es dans les mode`les, les me´thodes et les capteurs, le controˆle moteur jouera un roˆle clef dans la mise en oeuvre et le de´veloppement de la prochaine ge´ne´ration de moteurs. De l'avis des auteurs, le moteur ac ombustion interne restera la technologie dominante pour les ve´hicules des prochaines de´cennies.
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