The energy dependence of the total cross section for the mutual inelastic scattering reaction 12 C + 12 C~* 12 C(2 1 + ) + 12 C(2 1 + ) has been measured from £ c .m.( 12 C) =15 to 45 MeV. A rotationlike sequence of resonances is observed with strengths up to 17% of the unitarity limit and widths approaching the l2 C + 12 C single-particle width.The present Letter reports the observation of a striking series of previously unobserved resonances in the angle-integrated cross section of the reaction 12 C( 12 C, 12 C(2 + )) 12 C(2 + ) which shed new light on the nature of the intermediate-structure resonances in the 12 C + 12 C system.The initial studies 1 of the light-particle decay channels of the 12 C + 12 C system by Almqvist, Bromley, and Kuehner revealed resonances in the total reaction cross section near and below the Coulomb barrier (# c#m . = 5 to 7 MeV). Subsequent research 2 showed that these unusual compound-nucleus states have a partial width for decay back into the entrance channel which approaches the Wigner limit. These measurements constituted the first examples of nuclear molecular phenomena.In recent years the search for nuclear molecular phenomena in 12 C + 12 C has been extended to energies well above the Coulomb barrier. Detailed excitation functions of the/>, d, n, a, 8 Be, 12 C, and 12 C* channels as well as the total "fusion" cross section have been measured. 3 " 13 The light-particle decay channels are dominated by statistical evaporation processes and Ericson fluctuations. Detailed statistical analyses and searches for cross-channel correlations have revealed, however, discrete intermediate structures with 150^ r tot^ 700 keV. One such study, 3 which focused on thep + 23 Na channel, identified a rotational sequence of resonances with J 1T
As cities increase in size, total wages grow superlinearly, meaning that average wages are higher in larger cities. This phenomenon, known as the urban wage premium, supports the notion that urbanization and the growth of cities contribute positively to human well-being. However, it remains unclear how the distribution of wages changes as cities grow. Here we segment the populations of U.S. cities into wage deciles and determine the scaling coefficient of each decile’s aggregate wages versus city size. We find that, while total wages of all deciles grow superlinearly with city size, the effect is uneven, with total wages of the highest wage earners growing faster than all other deciles. We show that this corresponds with the predominance of high-wage jobs in larger cities. Thus, the effects of urbanization are mixed -- it is associated with higher average wages but with increasing inequality, thus inhibiting prospects for long-term sustainability.
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