A systematic study of the efficiency of protons, Ni, Pd and Th as chemical modifiers for the determination of cadmium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) using fast temperature programs was made for platform atomization. A comparison was made in terms of the salt type, absorbance-time profiles and elimination of the sodium chloride interference. The results were adapted to develop a method for the ETAAS determination of cadmium in biological and environmental samples. The highest sensitivity to determine cadmium in biological and environmental samples was obtained using nickel (together with protons) as a chemical modifier. The accuracy of the method was tested by the determination of cadmium in different certified reference materials. The best detection limit and the characteristic mass of Cd were found to be 0.03 ng mL -1 and 0.35 pg, respectively.
A reliable method combining a time-controlled solid phase microextraction using living bacterial cells and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry is proposed for the speciation of organoseleno compounds. The extraction medium consists of a Pseudomonas putida strain cultivated in a culture medium based on glucose contaminated with an organoseleno compound. The adsorption process study was derived in order to develop an analytical procedure for determining several organoseleno compounds (selenomethionine, selenourea, and selenocystamine) in samples containing other selenium species. The best detection limits for the organoseleno compounds studied are 0.1-1.5 ng ml 21 . The relative standard deviations of the retention and determination procedure are 1.9-5.6%.
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