Beef slaughter establishments employ many different interventions to help minimize occurrence of pathogens in their products. This study explored the effectiveness of various common interventions on microbial load using the results of the Beef-Veal Carcass Baseline Survey conducted in 2014–2015. For that baseline, FSIS analyzed swab samples taken from 1,135 carcasses at 139 establishments. These included paired samples from post-hide removal (before evisceration) and pre-chill (after evisceration). Samples were tested for pathogens ( Salmonella and STEC) and indicators (generic Escherichia coli , Enterobacteriaceae , coliforms, and Aerobic Count). The sample size for pathogen positive samples was low, impeding the establishment of a direct correlation between interventions and pathogens. However, we observed associations between pathogen positive rate and log Aerobic Count, thereby indicating similar intervention effectiveness on pathogens and indicators in this study. Generally, the use of interventions reduced indicator concentrations. Each intervention produced a range of effectiveness, suggesting that how interventions are applied may be as important as which interventions are applied. The range of effectiveness for single interventions was 0.4 to 1.9-log AC reduction and for multi-hurdle interventions it ranged from 1.6 to 2.9-log AC reduction. The results of this study may be used by slaughter establishments to help identify effective interventions for pathogen reduction