RESUME. On presente les recents developpements decrivant a partir des methodes deIa micromecanique le comportement elastoplastique des aciers lors de la mise en forme. La relation entre mouvement des dislocations et taux de glissement plastique sur les systemes de glissement sert a etablir la loi de comportement du monocristal. La transition entre l'echelle mesoscopique (le grain) et l'echelle macroscopique (le polycristal) est realisee a partir de /'approximation autocoherente d'une equation integrale obtenue a partir des equations de champ du probleme. Les resultats theoriques sont confrontes avec succes aux mesures experimentales concernant l'ecrouissage, l'anisotropie plastique et l'evolution des textures cristallographiques de toles d'acier pour mise en forme. ABSTRACJ. Recent developments concerning the modelisation of the elastoplastic behaviour of steel sheets using micromechanical models are presented. For the polycrystalline grains, the connection of moving dislocations and the global slip rate a well as the hardening matrix describing the slip systems interaction are introduced in order to describe the behaviour of the single crystals. The field equations for heterogeneous elastoplastic metals are transformed into an integral equation which is approximate by the self consistent assumption. New results concerning hardening, plastic anisotropy, crystallographic texture evolution are compared to experimental measurements.
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