Enteroviruses are a leading cause of viral infections in children. While most enteroviral infections are mild and self-limiting, severe disease such as a viral sepsis syndrome, myocarditis, hepatitis and meningoencephalitis may occur. We present two cases of neonatal enteroviral myocarditis. Cardiorespiratory failure occurred in both cases, and severe shock refractory to conventional treatment required support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). One child with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis failed to recover and died after 3 weeks on ECMO, while one child could be decannulated successfully after 9 days of ECMO and recovered completely subsequently. In conclusion, neonatal myocarditis has a very high mortality, and ECMO should be considered early in neonates with rapid clinical and echocardiographic deterioration despite adequate inotropic support.

Methamphetamine and its related compounds are among the most widely abused recreational drugs worldwide. While a myriad of clinical complications of methamphetamine use have been described, there is a paucity of literature regarding the effects of maternal abuse during pregnancy on neonatal hearts. In this report, we describe a neonate who underwent Norwood-type palliation and subsequently developed catecholamine-resistant cardiogenic shock, likely related to methamphetamine exposure, which recovered after a period of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.

this dataset. Results: Patient median age was 2.9 years (range 1 day-20.6 years) and weight 13.6 kg (range 1.5-103 kg). The interventional catheterisation rate was 34.9% for the 10year study period, although this rate has been 41.4% for 2008-2011. Lower risk procedures predominated with 87.6% category 1-2 and 12.4% category 3-4 procedures. The overall complication rate was 6.5% and these patients had a median weight of 6.2 kg (range 1.9-71 kg). Higher complication rates were associated with high-risk procedures-complication rate of 5.1% for category 1-2 and 16.6% for category 3-4 procedures. 76.1% of complications were minor category 1-3 incidents (mainly minor peripheral vascular). Increased procedural risk was associated with a higher incidence of categories 3 and 4 complications. Category 5 complications occurred in 0.1% of patients all of whom were in a lower procedural risk group. Conclusions: Cardiac catheter complication rates at QPCS are consistent with published international literature. This study demonstrates that risk adjustment for case complexity may be a valuable tool for assessing catheter laboratory performance in the Australasian environment.

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