Coding in HPB surgery is prone to coding inaccuracies due to the complex nature of HPB surgery and the patient case-mix. A specialized coding proforma completed 'in theatre' significantly improves the accuracy of coding and prevents loss of income.

This article highlights the indications for frontal sinus obliteration and suggests some intra-operative points to aid the surgeon in performing the operative procedure. It also reiterates the three principal points that need to be followed. There must be: (1) Meticulous removal of all visible mucosa and the inner bony cortex of the sinus wall. (2) Permanent occlusion of the nasofrontal duct. (3) The correct choice of material for the obliteration.

One of the most challenging types of nasal fracture is when the nasal pyramid, comprising of the upper and lower lateral cartilages and septum including the vomer, is fractured, impacted and has rotated into the face. This paper describes a technique to elevate the nasal complex and hold it forwards using a Kirschner wire.

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