Background.Patients with blood disorders colonized with antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are prone to systemic infections that are difficult to treat. Reintroduction of commensal bacteria in a murine model of enterococcal colonization of the gut can lead to eradication of enterococci. We hypothesized that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could be used to eradicate ARB in humans.Methods. Participants colonized with ARB were treated with intraduodenal FMT according to a prospective protocol (NCT02461199). The primary endpoint was complete ARB decolonization at 1 month after FMT. Secondary endpoints included safety assessment and partial ARB decolonization. Microbiome sequencing was performed to investigate the influence of microbial composition of the transplanted material on the outcome of FMT.Results. Twenty-five FMTs were performed in 20 participants (including 40% who had neutropenia) who were colonized by a median of 2 (range, 1-4) strains of ARB. The primary endpoint was reached in 15/25 (60%) of the FMTs and more frequently in cases in which there was no periprocedural use of antibiotics (79% vs 36%, P < .05). Among participants, 15/20 (75%) experienced complete ARB decolonization. There were no severe adverse events, and partial ARB decolonization was observed in 20/25 (80%) of the FMTs. The microbiota composition analysis revealed higher abundance of Barnesiella spp., Bacteroides, and Butyricimonas and greater bacterial richness in the fecal material, resulting in eradication of Klebsiella pneumoniae compared with nonresponders.Conclusions. FMT in patients with blood disorders is safe and promotes eradication of ARB from the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02461199.

Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a consequence of gut dysbiosis. We describe the successful utilization of fecal microbiota transplantation to inhibit Klebsiella pneumoniae MBL+ and Escherichia coli ESBL+ gut colonization in the immunocompromised host as a novel tool in the battle against MDR microorganisms.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02461199.

Introduction: There are no published data on the prevalence of common gastrointestinal disorders such as dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation and bloating in the Polish population. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these most common abdominal symptoms. Material and methods: The study involved a population sample aged 21 years or older from a medium-sized city. A total of 850 people (age range: 21-76 years) were interviewed. Demographic and anthropometric data, symptoms specific to dyspepsia, GERD, constipation, diarrhoea, bloating, IBS, as well as nutritional habits, alcohol and tobacco use, and presence of concomitant diseases were studied in a face-to-face interview.Results: Approximately 23% of participants suffered from dyspepsia, 36% had GERD, constipation was present in 13% of participants, and bloating in 31%. Only 7 participants reported chronic diarrhoea and 13% of participants had IBS symptoms. All the above-mentioned complaints were slightly more common in diabetic patients, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions: The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the Polish population is high, and similar to the rates reported by investigators from other countries.

A significantly higher incidence of IGM appears to occur in CRC patients than in the healthy population. This phenomenon is not dependent on age and body-weight, which may suggest that it is cancer that predisposes to diabetes rather than the other way round. The neoplastic process in the colon is not associated with hyperinsulinaemia or insulin resistance, but in CRC patients, pancreatic B-cell dysfunction typical of the early stages of diabetes is seen.

IntroductionMelanosis coli is a benign lesion affecting the mucosa of the large intestine. There is a relationship between the presence of melanosis and anthraquinone laxative use. Melanosis coli is also observed in patients with colon cancer, but there is doubt whether these two conditions are related.AimTo analyze the correlation between melanosis and colon cancer.Material and methodsWe analyzed retrospectively 436 patients undergoing colon cancer surgery. There were 246 women and 190 men. Patients were divided into three age groups: under 50 years, between 51 and 65 years, and over 66 years. We analyzed sections of the cancer and intestinal mucosa from the tumor’s proximal (2–5 cm) and distal (8–10 cm) zone.ResultsMelanosis coli was present in 52 patients, which represents 11.9% of patients with colon cancer. More often it was present in women. The most common location of melanosis and colon cancer was the terminal part of the large intestine. In patients below 50 years of age in both sexes melanosis coli did not occur. In men, melanosis was more common in the age group over 66 years. Intensity of pigmentation was higher in the tumor’s distal zone.ConclusionsThe incidence of melanosis coli increases with age, similar to that of colon cancer. Melanosis was not present inside tumors, in almost half of the cases it was not present in the proximal zone, and the degree of pigmentation increased in distal zone. The cause-effect relationship between melanosis coli and colon cancer remains uncertain.