Background and Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection affects people of different ages. It is important to explore the antibiotics susceptibility of the bacterial agents to improve the empirical antibacterial prescription because of emerging of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study including 322 patients with UTI at the largest hospital at the center of Al-Basrah Governorate in the far south of Iraq from August 2018 to November 2019. Bacterial isolates from urine samples with significant bacteria were investigated by automated VITEK® 2 compact system to determine the causative bacteria and their antibiotics susceptibility. Results: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the first and second most frequent Gram-negative isolates, whereas Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Enterococcus faecalis were the first and second most frequent Gram-positive isolates. Fosfomycin, tigecycline, colistin, meropenem, imipenem, amikacin and nitrofurantoin had high susceptibility rates against Gram-negative isolates. Nitrofurantoin, tigecycline, daptomycin, teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid had a high effect against Gram-positive isolates. Conclusion: The leading causative isolates especially the most predominant Gram-negative isolates E. coli and K. pneumoniae show high resistance rates against important antibiotics including penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitors piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime cefepime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole which call for reconsidering them for treatment of UTI.

This study investigates the acute haemodynamic effects of Quinapril (CI-906) a new non-sulphydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in 15 patients with refractory congestive cardiac failure. There were 14 males and 1 female mean age 59.5 years. After administration of Quinapril there was a significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 93.1 to 79 mmHg, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) from 1887 to 1349 dyn s cm-5 and PCW from 27.3 to 15.3 mmHg. This was accompanied by an increase in CO from 3.7 to 4.71/min, cardiac index (CI) from 1.97 to 2.51/min/m2 and Stroke volume index from 21.1 to 28.7 ml/m2. There was no significant change in heart rate (HR), right atrial pressure (RAP), or pulmonary vascular resistance. The peak effect on pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCW) and cardiac output (CO) occurred at 75-120 min after Quinapril administration. The maximum effect on mean arterial pressure (MAP) occurred slightly later at 120-150 min. SVR and CI exhibited 2 periods of peak effects, at 90 and 180 min. This time course is very similar to that observed in studies on the acute effects of Captopril. The significant improvement in haemodynamic measurements acutely, following administration of Quinapril 5 mg orally, suggests that this drug is worthy of further study in the management of patients with refractory congestive cardiac failure, in particular its long term effects.