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We have found that certain piperazine derivatives are conveniently prepared from /3-hydroxyalkylamines by the catalytic alkylation method of

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Pine tar is obtained by destructive distillation of the resinous wood of several species of Southern pine, largely Pinus palustris Miller (longleaf pine) and Pinus caribaea Morelet (slash pine). The mixture of resin acids extracted from pine tar has now been found to be similar to the "pyroabietic" acid obtained by heating abietic acid or rosin at 275-350°and which has been shown1 to consist in large part of a mixture of dehydro-and dihydroabietic acids formed by disproportionation of the original acids.Various samples of recrystallized acids from tars produced by commercial batch distillation of resinous wood had melting points ranging from 153 to 165°and rotations aD +36°t o +47°. Similar recrystallized samples from tars produced in the Cline2 continuous retort had melting points from 158 to 168°and rotations aD +16°t o +30°.