The orbit of a free-flying test mass having differing inertial and
gravitational masses relative to a reference mass obeying the equivalence
principle (EP), depends on the EP-violation e as well as on the release
conditions. For every orbit a release error does exist which compensates
for the EP effect. The secular term in the relative distance of the masses
(due to orbit period changes) is also dependent on a combination of e and
release errors in a non-separable way.
Some remarks by Heinrich Hertz on the nature of inertial and
gravitational mass as seen in the context of his
scientific work and historical background.
This is a report on the work done of a rather informal working group set up during the Phase A studies to suggest suitable materials for the test masses of the differential accelerometers for the ESA STEP-M3 mission. The most important work was done regarding theory by Thibault Damour (IHES, Paris) and for test-mass design by Nick Lockerbie (Strathclyde University, UK). Valuable ideas contributed by T Quinn, P Fayet, H J Paik, A Bernard and P Touboul are acknowledged.
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