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SUMMARYThe complete amino acid sequence of the basic nuclear protein of bull spermatozoa has been established. The sequence was partially deduced by characterization of peptides isolated from thermolysine and chymotryptic digests of the reduced and Saminoethylated protein. The complete sequence of the first 37 residues was determined by Edman-Begg degradation (Sequenator) of the protein. The amino acid sequence of the last 8 residues was determined by manual Edman degradation of an octapeptide obtained on cleavage of the reduced and S-methylated protein with Nbromosuccinimide.The basic nuclear protein of bull spermatozoa contains 47 amino acid residues with alanine at the amino terminus and giutamine at the carboxyl terminus. The protein contains 24 arginine residues and 6 half-cystine residues. 19 of the arginine residues are in the middle of the molecule, arranged in three clusters of, respectively, 7, 6 and 6 residues. Of the 6 half-cystine residues 2 are present in the amino-terminal region and 2 in the carboxyl-terminal region of the molecule. The half-cystine residues are responsible for the cross-linking of the deoxyribonucleoprotein molecules which gives the mature sperm nucleus an unusual resistance towards chemical and mechanical damage.The complete amino acid sequence is : H2N-Ala-Arg-Tyr-Arg-(Cys )2-Leu-ThrHis-Ser-Gly-Ser-Arg-Cys-(Arg) 7-Cys-(Arg)6-Phe-Gly-(Arg)6-Val-Cys-Tyr-ThrVal-Ile-Arg-Cys-Thr-Arg-Gln.

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The use of the rotor equivalent wind speed for determination of power curves and annual energy production for wind turbines is advocated in the second edition of the IEC 61400-12-1 standard. This requires the measurements of wind speeds at different heights, for which remote sensing equipment is recommended in addition to meteorological masts. In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis that shows that the relevance of the rotor equivalent wind speed method depends on turbine dimensions and wind shear regime. For situations where the ratio of rotor diameter and hub height is smaller than 1.8, the rotor equivalent wind speed method is not needed if the wind shear coefficient at the location of the wind turbine has a constant value between −0.05 and 0.4: in these cases, the rotor equivalent wind speed and the wind speed at hub height are within 1%. For complex terrains with high wind shear deviations are larger. The effect of non-constant wind shear exponent, ie, different wind shear coefficients for lower and upper half of the rotor swept area especially at offshore conditions is limited to also about 1%. KEYWORDSLiDAR, power curve, remote sensing, rotor equivalent wind speed, wind shear of the turbines, the ratio of rotor diameter and hub height is smaller than 1.5. ---This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.