RESUMENLa modelación de impactos locales, caracterizados por deterioro de los recursos naturales -especialmente agua y suelo-ante los efectos globales del cambio climático, se ha convertido en una poderosa herramienta en la búsqueda de medidas de mitigación y adaptación. Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron: 1) evaluar mediante procesos de modelación el impacto potencial del cambio climático para el periodo 2010-2039 y 2) advertir sobre riesgos futuros a partir de la identificación de forzantes radiativos locales o áreas críticas, considerando el índice de aridez (IA) y erosión laminar del suelo causada por el viento (ELV) como dos indicadores de calidad ambiental. Se usaron técnicas de evaluación de los recursos naturales empleadas por el Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático (INECC) para los estudios de ordenamiento ecológico territorial. Los insumos empleados comprenden información climática actual y futura, cubiertas de suelos y propiedades edáficas asociadas al municipio de Gómez Palacio, Durango, México (25.886º N y 103.476º W). Los cálculos realizados a partir de las anomalías para los promedios anuales de precipitación y temperatura indican que el territorio municipal en el escenario A2 podría tener un impacto promedio de 63% causado por la ELV, en tanto que el IA probablemente cambie su promedio histórico de 9.3 a 8.7; se estima que el impacto promedio sobre este índice en el futuro será de 0.53 ± 0.2. ABSTRACTModeling the deterioration of natural resources, especially water and soil that results from the global effects of climate change has become a powerful tool in the search for mitigation and adaptation measures. The objectives of this research were: (1) to model the potential impact of climate change for the period 2010-2039, and (2) to offer advice about future risks based on local radiative forcing or critical areas and taking into account two indicators of environmental quality, the aridity index (AI) and laminar wind erosion (LWE). Evaluation techniques for natural resources, similar to those applied by the Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático (National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change) were used for studies of ecological land use. The inputs include climate information (current and future), soil cover and edaphic properties related to the municipality of Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico (25.886º N, 103.476º W). According to calculations estimated from the anomalies for the mean annual rainfall and mean annual temperature, in a future climate change scenario, an average impact of approximately 63% would be caused by LWE, and the AI would change from its historical value of 9.3 to 8.7. It is estimated that the average impact on the AI in the future will be 0.53 ± 0.2.
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