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On the basis of experimental studies, the operational power of four borehole heat exchangers (BHE) under real conditions was determined. The research was carried out in 2018–2019. The theoretical power of the BHE was verified with its operating power. The amount of thermal energy absorbed from the ground by individual BHEs, the operating temperatures obtained at the inlet and outlet of the exchanger, the annual brine flow rate, and the average operating power of the tested wells in two heating seasons were compared and analyzed. Both in 2018 and 2019, none of the examined exchangers achieved an average unit capacity of a well. The aim of the work is to verify the specific ground thermal efficiency indicators adopted for the design of the lower heat source, determined using the computational method and the TRT test with data obtained on the basis of experimental tests. The differences between the results of the tests of the operating parameters of the analyzed BHEs were shown. The data obtained in real conditions is valuable in the research and development of the BHE system.

Based on the experimental studies, the process of ground regeneration around the borehole loaded with brine-water heat pumps working exclusively for heating purposes in the period of four consecutive heating seasons in a cold climate was presented. The research was conducted in north-eastern Poland. The aim of the work is to verify the phenomenon of thermal ground regeneration in the period between heating seasons on the basis of the recorded data and to check whether the ground is able to regenerate itself and at what rate. It was noticed that the ground does not fully regenerate, especially during heating seasons with lower temperatures. In the analyzed period, from 22 September 2016 to 12 October 2020, the ground probably cooled irreversibly by 1.5 °C. In order to illustrate and evaluate the speed of changes in the ground, the one’s profile with an undisturbed temperature field was presented for each month of the year. The presented results can be a very important source of information for the analysis of geothermal conditions occurring in the ground. They can be used to verify mathematical models and conduct long-term simulations that allow us to see the complexity of the processes taking place in the ground.

a b s t r a c tThe aim of the installation of photovoltaic panels in the object of the Water Park was to use the possibility of supporting the production of electricity using solar energy. The article shows the adopted technological solution installation of photovoltaic and presents the results of the analysis of plant performance in real conditions, not just computational theory. The analysis of the installation work was performed on the basis of monitoring of operating parameters conducted in 2012e2013. The use of photovoltaic helped reduce CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x and dust emissions into the atmosphere on the value of installed power and reduce the amount of electricity drawn from the network (In Poland still based on coal and lignite).The results of energy and environmental analysis show the validity of installation of photovoltaic in objects like Water Parks.Energy and environmental effects combine necessarily the economic effects. It also helps to promote the local market to other forms of energy generation as well as improves the energy security of the Warmia and Mazury province, as well as part of the European Climate Change Programme (ECCP), which has lead to coordination of activities towards the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

The study presents an investigation of thermal energy consumption for heating in an educational building located in the north-eastern part of Poland in 2017–2020, after deep thermomodernization. An evaluation of the actual energy effects was made based on measurements carried out over a 4-year operational period. They were compared with the results of theoretical calculations included in the energy audit and an attempt was made to describe the reasons for the discrepancies. The planned and achieved economic efficiency indicators were assessed and the amount of reduction of pollutant emissions was determined. The performed analysis allowed for an assessment of the impact of deep thermomodernization in terms of reducing heat energy consumption for central heating purposes, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2, SOx, NOx and benzo(a)pyrene to the atmosphere. The implementation of thermomodernization in buildings led to savings of about 43% in terms of heat energy consumption for heating and a reduction in pollutant emissions. The theoretical savings based on the audit were 50.4%. The obtained results show that deep thermomodernization contributes to the improvement of energy and ecological efficiency in educational buildings, however, without the possibility of using subsidies, the investment is unprofitable. All the obtained results were discussed with the available literature sources and have been summarized with appropriate conclusions.