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The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) shows interesting prospects for some coastal Mediterranean growing areas and is widely used for industrial, agricultural, and ornamental purposes. It can be an alternative crop adapted to part-time farming and can also be used to regenerate vegetation in areas with a mild climate and erosion problems. Four Spanish carob cultivars were examined (Banya de Cabra, Duraio, Matalafera, and Rojal) to determine the one that performed the best for planting new orchards in northeastern Spain (Catalonia). The trees in this rain-fed trial (average rainfall of 500 mm) were planted in 1986 using seedling rootstocks that were budded in 1987. The trees were trained using the free-vase system and were spaced 8 × 9 m (138 trees/ha including 12% pollinators). The results showed that ‘Rojal’ was the earliest bearing cultivar. However, no significant differences were observed for cumulative pod production 18 years after budding. With respect to cumulative seed yield, ‘Duraio’ had the highest production (95 kg/tree). The lowest tree vigor (trunk cross-section) was observed in ‘Matalafera’. ‘Rojal’ trees produced the largest pods (average fruit weight of 18.9 g) and lowest seed content (11.8%), while ‘Banya de Cabra’ and ‘Duraio’ produced the smallest fruit (weighing 15.3 and 16.2 g, respectively) with the highest seed content (15.2% and 17.3%, respectively). Gum content, expressed as a percentage of the dry weight, was highest in ‘Duraio’ (56.9%) and was lowest in ‘Rojal’ (54.1%). Thus, in terms of kernel and pod production, ‘Duraio’ appeared to be the best-performing female cultivar for planting new carob orchards.

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Características químico-sensoriales de los aceites de oliva «Arbequina» obtenidos en distintas zonas de España Dentro de los aceites de oliva vírgenes de calidad que se producen en España, Cataluña destaca por tener dos denominaciones de origen (Garrigues y Siurana) de las seis actualmente existentes. La producción de aceite virgen extra de las mismas procede de la variedad «Arbequina», aproximadamente 8.000 tm, repartidas entre las D. O. «Garrigues», en Lleida (5.000 tm), y «Siurana» en Tarragona (3.000 tm). Estos aceites son muy apreciados tanto a nivel nacional como internacional por sus excelentes características organolépticas. En los últimos años, esta variedad se está extendiendo por España (Andalucía, Aragón, etc.) y otros países del mundo (Argentina, Francia, etc.). Se estudian las características físico-químicas y sensoriales de los aceites de oliva vírgenes de la variedad «Arbequina» producidos, principalmente, en Cataluña, Andalucía y Aragón. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos indican que algunos parámetros del aceite de «Arbequina» varían significativamente al cultivaría en diferentes medios agrológicos, principalmente, determinados ácidos grasos, polifenoles, estabilidad y algunos atributos sensoriales del aceite. PALABRAS-CLAVE: Aceite de oliva virgen-Calidad-Características físico-químicas-Características sensoriales-Influencia del medio-Variedad arbequina.

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