We tabulate the atomic mass excesses and nuclear ground-state deformations of 8979 nuclei ranging from 16 O to A = 339. The calculations are based on the finite-range droplet macroscopic model and the folded-Yukawa single-particle microscopic model. Relative to our 1981 mass table the current results are obtained with an improved macroscopic model, an improved pairing model with a new form for the effective-interaction pairing gap, and minimization of the ground-state energy with respect to additional shape degrees of freedom. The values of only 9 constants are determined directly from a least-squares adjustment to the ground-state masses of 1654 nuclei ranging from 16 O to 263 106 and to 28 fission-barrier heights. The error of the mass model is 0.669 MeV for the entire region of nuclei considered, but is only 0.448 MeV for the region above N = 65.

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In memoriam. This review is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague Georgii N&olaevich Flerov, who through his years of devoted research on heavy and superheavy elements inspired many of the studies discussed here.

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This is a study of a type of fluid dynamics dominated by a "one-body" dissipation mechanism expected to be relevant for an assembly of particles whose mean free paths are comparable to or larger than the size of the system. Two simple dissipation formulae are derived, one relevant for the process of nuclear fission and the other for nuclear collisions. The resulting predictions, free of adjustable parameters, are compared quantitatively with measured fission-fragment kinetic * This work was done with partial support from the U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration.