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Introduction: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a recently described uncommon and distinctive form of inflammatory hyperplasia. Treatment of this condition has varied from surgical excision to no treatment followed by spontaneous remission. This case report demonstrates successful management of the lesion using a conservative treatment approach. Case Presentation: A 14‐year‐old male with negative medical and dental histories presented with LJSGH. The vivid red lesions involved the papillary and marginal gingiva of all maxillary anterior teeth. Initially, the lesion developed as a single red patch‐like area involving the maxillary left cuspid. Subsequently, the lesion displayed a linear pattern of spread to involve successively more teeth in the anterior sextant. Biopsy revealed hyperplastic elongated epithelial rete pegs, atrophy of the overlying stratified squamous epithelium with mild spongiosis, neutrophilic exocytosis, and a highly vascular connective tissue with a dominant infiltrate of chronic inflammatory cells. The lesion responded to treatment consisting of a mild surface cauterization followed by topical application of a 0.05% clobetasol ointment four times per day for a period of 4 weeks. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates that LJSGH can be successfully managed by conservative therapy, thereby avoiding potential gingival margin defects that may result from a surgical ablation of the lesion.

Three cases of spina bifida (SB) associated with diastematomyelia (DM) are described and possible differences in pathogenesis are discussed. The frequent simultaneous occurrence of both malformations and the possibility that the cord can be split above, at the level of or below the SB indicate a common pathogenesis for SB and DM. Splitting of the cord symmetrically, asymmetrically, bilateraly or even antero-posteriorly can be explained only by the existence of a destructive phenomenon which is responsible for the bifurcation of the neural tube or its anlage. The existence of such a phenomenon indicates that myelocele can develop due to re-opening of a previously closed neural tube. Meningocele may be a manifestation of early embryonic antero-posterior DM in which the anterior tubule develops into an almost normal spinal cord, whereas the posterior tubule provides the wall of the cystic sac of meningocele in which most or all the neural tissue undergoes fibrous replacement.

Congenital malformations induced in rats by the application of trypan blue were studied at variable times of their development of congenital malformations is a continuous process of structural and functional adaptation of the development embryo to focal tissue degeneration and necrosis (cell death). The primary degeneration is a transitory phenomenon, because the dead cells are phagocytosed by surviving cells. However, the damage triggers off the process of abnormal development.

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