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1. The metabolism of (+/-)-norcamphor, (+)-camphor, (-)-camphor, (+)-epicamphor, (+/-)-camphorquinone, (+/-)-camphane-2,5-dione and camphane was investigated in rabbits. All the compounds except camphane-2,5-dione increased the content of glucuronide in the urine. 2. (+/-)-Norcamphor was reduced to endo-norborneol; (+)-camphor, contrary to expectation, was reduced to (+)-borneol, as well as being hydroxylated to (+)-5-endo-hydroxycamphor and (+)-3-endo-hydroxycamphor, 5-endo-hydroxycamphor being the predominant product. (+)-Epicamphor was reduced mainly to (+)-epiborneol; (+/-)-camphorquinone gave 3-endo-hydroxycamphor and 2-endo-hydroxyepicamphor, the former being the major metabolite. (+/-)-Camphane-2,5-dione was reduced to 5-endo-hydroxycamphor. Camphane was hydroxylated to borneol and epiborneol, the latter predominating. 3. An explanation of these findings is given in terms of steric hindrance and thermodynamic stability. 4. The possibility was investigated that NADH was involved in the reductions.

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SUMMARYLarvae of the small tortoiseshell butterfly, Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), were infected orally with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Sections of larvae which had been killed and fixed at intervals after infection were examined by light and electron microscopy. Typical virus development was observed in the fat body cells. However, in the nuclei of infected columnar cells of the mid-gut no incorporation of the virus particles into the polyhedral inclusion body was observed although both virus particles and crystalline polyhedron protein were present. Subsequently virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of these ceils between the nucleus and the basal membrane. It is proposed that this unusual virus development is significant in the pathway of infection of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus.

SUMMARYA small iridescent virus (type 29) has been isolated from the meal worm Tenebrio molitor. The virus is distinct from a number of previous isolates of small iridescent viruses (types 2, 6, 21, 22, 23 and 28) judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of its structural polypeptides. Immunodiffusion and immunoprecipitation tests showed that iridescent virus type 29 is related to types 22 and 23 but not types 2, 6, 21 and 28. The relationships between iridescent virus types 22, 23 and 29 were further studied by complement fixation and kinetic neutralization. Complement fixation tests confirmed that these viruses were related and showed that type 29 is distantly related to types 22 and 23 (which were more closely related to each other) though type 23 shares a closer relationship with type 29 than type 22. Kinetic neutralization experiments suggested a close relationship between types 29 and 23, and that both these viruses were remotely related to type 22. Low neutralization rate constants were obtained with these sera.