Background Clinical complexity is increasingly prevalent among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway approach has been proposed to streamline a more holistic and integrated approach to AF care; however, there are limited data on its usefulness among clinically complex patients. We aim to determine the impact of ABC pathway in a contemporary cohort of clinically complex AF patients. Methods From the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry, we analysed clinically complex AF patients, defined as the presence of frailty, multimorbidity and/or polypharmacy. A K-medoids cluster analysis was performed to identify different groups of clinical complexity. The impact of an ABC-adherent approach on major outcomes was analysed through Cox-regression analyses and delay of event (DoE) analyses. Results Among 9966 AF patients included, 8289 (83.1%) were clinically complex. Adherence to the ABC pathway in the clinically complex group reduced the risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.72, 95%CI 0.58–0.91), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; aHR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.52–0.87) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85). Adherence to the ABC pathway was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death (aHR: 0.74, 95%CI 0.56–0.98) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.96) also in the high-complexity cluster; similar trends were observed for MACEs. In DoE analyses, an ABC-adherent approach resulted in significant gains in event-free survival for all the outcomes investigated in clinically complex patients. Based on absolute risk reduction at 1 year of follow-up, the number needed to treat for ABC pathway adherence was 24 for all-cause death, 31 for MACEs and 20 for the composite outcome. Conclusions An ABC-adherent approach reduces the risk of major outcomes in clinically complex AF patients. Ensuring adherence to the ABC pathway is essential to improve clinical outcomes among clinically complex AF patients.
Aims The 4S-AF classification scheme comprises of four domains: stroke risk (St), symptoms (Sy), severity of atrial fibrillation (AF) burden (Sb), and substrate (Su). We sought to examine the implementation of the 4S-AF scheme in the EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry and compare outcomes in AF patients according to the 4S-AF-led decision-making process. Methods and results Atrial fibrillation patients from 250 centres across 27 European countries were included. A 4S-AF score was calculated as the sum of each domain with a maximum score of 9. Of 6321 patients, 8.4% had low (St), 47.5% EHRA I (Sy), 40.5% newly diagnosed or paroxysmal AF (Sb), and 5.1% no cardiovascular risk factors or left atrial enlargement (Su). Median follow-up was 24 months. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, independent predictors of all-cause mortality were (St) [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 8.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.60–25.9], (Sb) (aHR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08–1.35), and (Su) (aHR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14–1.41). For CV mortality and any thromboembolic event, only (Su) (aHR 1.73, 95% CI: 1.45–2.06) and (Sy) (aHR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.00–1.66) were statistically significant, respectively. None of the domains were independently linked to ischaemic stroke or major bleeding. Higher 4S-AF score was related to a significant increase in all-cause mortality, CV mortality, any thromboembolic event, and ischaemic stroke but not major bleeding. Treatment of all 4S-AF domains was associated with an independent decrease in all-cause mortality (aHR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55–0.92). For each 4S-AF domain left untreated, the risk of all-cause mortality increased substantially (aHR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.16–1.56). Conclusion Implementation of the novel 4S-AF scheme is feasible, and treatment decisions based on this scheme improve mortality rates in AF.
, грацианский Н. а.1 от имени участников регистра РЕКОРд-3 # Цель. Оценка гендерных различий течения заболевания и лечения на госпи-тальном этапе ведения пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом с подъе-мом сегмента ST (ОКспST) по данным Российского регистра острых коронар-ных синдромов "РЕКОРд-3". Материал и методы. Исследование осуществлялось на основании данных российского регистра ОКс "РЕКОРд-3", который проводился в 47 стациона-рах 37 городов России. В регистр включались все последовательно поступав-шие пациенты с ОКс, госпитализированные в стационары-участники регистра в марте-апреле 2015г, всего -2370 больных с ОКс. Из общей группы больных были выделены пациенты с диагнозом при поступлении острый коронарный синдром с подъемом сегмента ST (n=864). средний возраст пациентов с ОКс-пST составил 62,6±12,4 лет. Из общего количества пациентов с ОКспST 712 (82,4%) больных были первично госпитализированы в инвазивные центры, остальные (n=152, 17,6%) -в неинвазивные. Проводился анализ данных госпитального этапа ведения больных, включая назначение реперфузионных методик и объем медикаментозной терапии. Результаты. Больше половины (68%) пациентов, госпитализированных с диагнозом ОКспST были мужского пола, при этом госпитализированные женщины были более чем на 10 лет старше мужчин. Пациентки с ОКс женского пола характеризовались большей исходной клинической тяжестью по частоте артериальной гипертензии (аг), стенокардии, хронической сердечной недо-статочности (ХсН), сахарного диабета (сд) 2 типа и фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) в анамнезе. Выявлена большая частота острой сердечной недостаточно-сти (сН) (Killip II-IV) у пациентов с ОКс женского пола. Не найдено гендерных различий по времени от начала болевого синдрома до госпитализации паци-ентов обоего пола в стационар, так и по времени от поступления пациентов до проведения эндоваскулярного вмешательства. Однако коронаровентрику-лография (КВг), чрескожные коронарные вмешательства (ЧКВ), тромболити-ческая терапия (ТЛТ) проводились достоверно реже (р=0,0001) у пациентов женского пола, чем у мужчин. Определена более высокая частота летальности при ОКспST в группе пациентов женского пола, по сравнению с пациентами-мужчинами (17,5% vs. 6,3%, p=0,0001). Однофакторный анализ выявил фак-торы, связанные с ненаправлением пациентов на экстренную коронарогра-фию: пожилой возраст (старше 60 лет), женский пол, кардиоваскулярная коморбидность и острая сердечная недостаточность при поступлении. Заключение. По результатам анализа данных российского регистра ОКс "РЕКОРд-3" выявлены особенности пациентов с ОКспST женского пола: сред-ний возраст таких пациентов на 10 лет старше возраста пациентов мужского пола; они характеризуются большей, чем мужчины кардиоваскулярной комор-бидностью и более тяжелым течением ОКс; больным с ОКс женского пола значимо реже проводятся реперфузионные методы лечения, в том числе на амбулаторном этапе до развития ОКс, что сопровождается достоверно худшим прогнозом этих больных.Российский кардиологический журнал 2017, 6 (146): 122-131 http://dx
Background Frailty is a medical syndrome characterised by reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors. Data regarding the relationship between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) are still inconsistent. Objectives We aim to perform a comprehensive evaluation of frailty in a large European cohort of AF patients. Methods A 40-item frailty index (FI) was built according to the accumulation of deficits model in the AF patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. Association of baseline characteristics, clinical management, quality of life, healthcare resources use and risk of outcomes with frailty was examined. Results Among 10,177 patients [mean age (standard deviation) 69.0 (11.4) years, 4,103 (40.3%) females], 6,066 (59.6%) were pre-frail and 2,172 (21.3%) were frail, whereas only 1,939 (19.1%) were considered robust. Baseline thromboembolic and bleeding risks were independently associated with increasing FI. Frail patients with AF were less likely to be treated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.89), especially with non-vitamin K antagonist OACs and managed with a rhythm control strategy, compared with robust patients. Increasing frailty was associated with a higher risk for all outcomes examined, with a non-linear exponential relationship. The use of OAC was associated with a lower risk of outcomes, except in patients with very/extremely high frailty. Conclusions In this large cohort of AF patients, there was a high burden of frailty, influencing clinical management and risk of adverse outcomes. The clinical benefit of OAC is maintained in patients with high frailty, but not in very high/extremely frail ones.
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