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How does the personality of the decision maker affect the rules which guide his decisions? Does a gambler normally bet in such a way so as to maximize expected gain? What is the relation between the objective probability of the event and the way this probability appears to the risk taker? A combination of clinical psychological methods and statistical methods reveals some interesting relations among background, inferred personality traits, and observed gambling behavior of people.

There has been much discussion in recent years of the possibilities for and nature of “value science.” The present paper is intended to be a contribution to this discussion. One encouraging feature of the bulk of current discussion of value science is that its protagonists have a definite end in view, namely, “human betterment,” taking that phrase in the common sense as covering, at least, a process of creating and maintaining such conditions of life as enable human beings successfully to engage in satisfying activities.