Ageing of the mix of thermobitumen and oil (TBO) formed at low-temperature pyrolysis of kukersite in autoclaves was studied, and the effect of pyrolysis conditions on the share of fractions soluble in hexane, benzene and tetrahydrofurane was described. The results reveal a decrease in the total weight of TBO and solid residue at storage. During a month of ageing in open air the additional weight loss of the initial organic matter reaches 10-15%. At that, the yield of TBO decreases and that of the solid residue increases. The fractions of TBO soluble in hexane (maltenes + oil) and in benzene (asphaltenes) decrease, and the fraction soluble in tetrahydrofurane (pre-asphaltenes) increases. The initial yields of hexane and benzene solubles depend on the degree of TBO secondary cracking determined by the pyrolysis conditions. The share of the fraction soluble in hexane increases with pyrolysis temperature and duration and attains 40-50% from the initial organic matter on account of decomposition of asphaltenes concurred with decrease in the total yield of TBO to 60-70% because of gas and coke formation.

Subject of this study is the adsorption of phosphate starch (PHS) on cotton cellulose and unbleached pulp from coniferous wood at temperature of 0.20, 40 and 60°C. resp., and concentration of the PHS solutions ranging from 0,030 to 2,00 g/l. It was found that with an increase of temperature the quantity of adsorbed PHS decreases. Adsorption equilibrium is described by the adsorption isotherm of Langmuir. The equilibrium constants, isosteric heats, standard affinity and entropy of the process are defined. It was established that the desorption of PHS of sulphate unbleached pulp of coniferous wood was 46.5%.

Dissolution kinetics of the mix of thermobitumen and oil (TBO) formed at lowtemperature pyrolysis of oil shale in autoclaves was studied for the first time. The pyrolysis temperature was varied in the range of 350-370 °C and duration between 3 and 9 hours. The dissolution of TBO obtained was conducted in a thermostated stirred class reactor and evaluated by the increase in optical density of the solutions with time varying temperature (25-60 °C) and solvent type (benzene, toluene, oil shale petrol and ethanol). A mathematical model was deduced for quantitative description of dissolution kinetics by approximation of the process to the first-order parallel dissolution of two fractions. The dissolution rate coefficients for the fractions were estimated, and contribution of their partial optical densities on the current optical density was described under the conditions studied.

The kinetic dependencies have been investigated of the adsorption process of phosphate starch on cotton cellulose and on unbleached sulphate cellulose of softwood at temperatures of O", 20", 40" and 60°C. It has been found that the kinetics of adsorption can be described by means of the Elot:ich-Tyornkin exponential kinetic equation. The values of the activation energy obtained for the two types of cqllulose are of the order of 5-9 kJ/mol, and do not depend on the quantity of the phosphate starch adsorbed.Untersuchung der Kinetik des Adsorptionsprozesses von Phosphatsurke an Cellulose. Die kinetischen Adsorptionszusarnrnenhange von Phosphatstarke auf Baurnwollcellulose und ungebleichtem Nadelsulfatzellstoff bei Ternperaturen 0", 20", 40" und 60°C wurden untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, daB die Adsorptionskinetik durch die exponentiell kinetische Gleichung von Elouitsch-Tjomkin beschrieben wird. Die erhaltenen Werte der aktivierenden Energie f i r die beiden Zellstofftypen liegen in den Grenzen von 5-9 kJ/rnol und hangen nicht von der adsorbierten Phosphatstarkernenge ab.

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