Genome-wide association studies provide an unbiased approach in the identification of genes that increase the risk for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). OCD is a disorder of the bone and cartilage that affects humans, horses, pigs, dogs, and other mammals. Recent genome-wide association studies in humans, horses, and pigs are reviewed and genes identified. The identified genes tended to cluster with respect to function and biological processes such as the protein secretion pathway, extracellular matrix molecules, and growth plate maturation. Genome-wide association studies in humans are a critical next step in the effort to provide a better understanding of the causes of OCD, which will, in turn, allow preventive strategies for treatment of adolescent and young adults who are at risk for the development of degenerative joint disease due to the effects of OCD.