Purpose: To assess the 3-year effectiveness and safety of the XEN gel stent implanted ab interno in open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Methods: This study was a multicentre, retrospective chart review of consecutive patients with OAG who underwent ab-interno gel stent placement alone or combined with phacoemulsification between 1 January 2014 and 1 October 2015. Outcome measures included mean changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication count from medicated baseline at 1, 2, 3 (primary outcome) and 4 years (if available) postimplantation. Intraoperative complications, adverse events of special interest (AESIs) and secondary surgical interventions (SSIs) were recorded. Results: The safety and effectiveness populations included 212 eyes (primary and secondary) and 174 eyes (primary), respectively. Mean IOP and medication decreased from 20.7 mmHg and 2.5 at baseline (n = 163 primary/first implanted eyes) to 13.9 mmHg and 1.1 medications (n = 76) at 3 years postimplantation, respectively. Mean changes from baseline in IOP (À5.6, À6.2 and À6.6 mmHg) and IOP-lowering medication count (À1.8, À1.6 and À1.4) were statistically significant at 1, 2 and 3 years postimplantation, respectively. Results appeared comparable when implantation was performed with (n = 76) or without (n = 98) phacoemulsification. In primary eyes with 4-year IOP and medication count data (n = 27), mean IOP was 14.0 mmHg on 1.3 medications at 4 years postimplantation. Fifteen (7.1%) eyes had intraoperative complications, 31 (14.6%) experienced 46 postoperative AESIs, and 26 (12.3%) required SSI. Conclusion:The gel stent effectively lowered IOP and IOP-lowering medication count over 3 years, with a predictable and acceptable safety profile, when implanted via the traditional ab-interno technique.

PurposeTo assess dynamic variations in vault induced by changes in brightness in eyes implanted with phakic collamer intraocular lens (pIOL) with central port for correction of myopia, defining new parameters of vaulting measurement.MethodsWe used a noninvasive Fourier-domain swept-source anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) system to dynamically evaluate the shifts between the pIOL and anterior chamber structures under changing light conditions. For each eye assessed, we measured vault interval (VI), which we define based on central vault values in maximum mydriasis and in maximum miosis after light-induced changes in pupil diameter, and vault range (VR), which we define as the absolute difference between the VI values.ResultsThe pilot study sample comprised 39 eyes (23 patients) previously implanted (mean 107 ± 156 days) with a pIOL. A significant difference in vault value was found when maximum and minimum pupil size was assessed under changing external light conditions (P < 0.001). The mean VR from scotopic (0.5 lux) to photopic (18,500 lux) light conditions was 167 ± 70 μm.ConclusionsVault is continuously affected during movements of the pupil induced by external luminance.Translational RelevanceQuantifiable dynamic parameters VR and VI obtained with this AS-OCT device describe the position of the pIOL in the posterior chamber of the eye in a more accurate and real way than static vault measurements, and may contribute to improved understanding of the behavior of the pIOL in terms of safety.

The CTK clinical findings are well described, but with a yet unknown origin. It seems clear that it does not require specific treatment. It is possible that there might be a relationship between a substance of the gloves and CTK. Further studies are needed to know all the details of this process.

The formation of filtration blebs is the main drainage mechanism for reducing intraocular pressure after traditional incisional glaucoma surgery such as trabeculectomy and non‐penetrating deep sclerotomy. Early and short‐lasting blebs may also occur after canaloplasty. Bleb formation also plays an important role after the implantation of glaucoma drainage devices, including Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery devices. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) is a rapid and non‐invasive high‐resolution imaging technique that has evolved in recent years to become a routine examination. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) provides key information in the assessment and follow‐up of glaucoma surgery, especially in the assessment of filtration blebs. Thus, bleb morphology can be qualitatively classified into diffuse, cystic, encapsulated and flattened, and AS‐OCT imaging can also provide several quantitative parameters of the bleb, such as total bleb height, bleb fluid‐filled cavity height, bleb wall thickness, number of microcysts and trabeculectomy opening size. These parameters could have an impact on clinical management during follow‐up because they may predict the success or failure of the surgery in the early and late postoperative periods. Additionally, they may also guide the procedures used to increase filtration and reduce intraocular pressure, such as bleb needling and laser suture lysis.