Reproducible Dauphin6 twin patterns have been introduced into X-, AT-, and DT-cut quartz oscillator plates using a CO, laser. At 500 "C, the thermal stresses caused by localized laser heating produce twin nucleation and wall motion. Under some conditions only the illuminated area is switched, while under other conditions more complex twin patterns characteristic of each cut are produced. In AT-cuts, for instance, the preferred twin pattern resembles a four-leaf clover. Twinning takes place through a ferrobielastic switching mode due to a difference in sign of the compliance coefficient sllZ5 in the two twin stat,es. Observed twin patterns can be qualitatively explained by examining the stress configurations required for ferrobielastic switching. Since the piezoelect,ric coefficient dill also reverses sign for Dauphine twins, laser irradiation of quartz resonator plates can be used to enhance certain modes of motion t h o u g h selective twinning.
RRproduzierbare Muster von Dauphin6-Znillingen werden in Oszillatorplatten ausQuarz mit X-, AT-und DT-Orientierung mittels COP-Laser eingepragt. Bei 500 "C erzeugen die durch die ortliche Laseraufheizung hervorgerufenen Warmespannungen Zwillingskeimbildung und Grenzwandbewegung. Unter gewissen Bedingungen wird nur der bestrahlte Bereich umgewandelt, wiihrend unter anderen Bedingungen kompliziertere, fur jede Orientierung charakteristische Zwillingsmuster erzeugt werden. Zum Beispiel fur AT-Orientierung ahneln die vorwiegend auftretenden Zwillingsmuster einem vierblattrigen Kleeblatt. Die Zwillingsbildung erfolgt durch einen ferro-bielastischen Umwandlungsmechanismm, der auf dem unterschiedlichen Vorzeichen des ehstischen Koeffizienten s1123 in den beiden Zwillingszustanden beruht. Die beobachteten Zwillingsmuster konnen qualitativ auf Grund der fur ferro-bielastische Umwandlung erforderlichen Spannnngsverteilung erklart werden. Da, auch die piezoelektrische Bonstsnte d,,, in Dauphink-Zwillingen das Vorzeichen wechselt, kann Laser-Bestrahlung von Quarz-Resonatorplatten zur Verstarkung bestimmter Schwingungsformen mittels selektiver Zwillingsbildung verwendet werden. ' ) 16802 University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
An indentation method f o r measuring shear strength in brittle matrix composites w a s applied to S i Cf i be rlS i, N 4 -ma tr ix sump 1 e s . Three methods were used to manufacture the composites: reaction bonding of a Si / S i c preform, hot-pressing, and nitrogen-overpressure sintering. An indentation technique developed by Marshall for thin specimens was used to measure the shear strength of the interface and the interfacial friction stresses. This was done by inverting the sample after the initial p u s h through and retesting the pushed fibers. SEM observations showed that the shear strength was determined by the degree of reaction between the fiber and the matrix unless the fiber was pushed out of its (well-bonded) sheath. [
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