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Heavy metal contamination in the environment is unavoidable issue. Heavy metals directly influence human being lives since they concentrate in the food cycle, even in low amounts. Some heavy metals pollute the water resources, in dangerous limits for human life. The current study suggested the cement kiln dust (CKD) as a low-cost and effective adsorbent to remove heavy metals ions from solutions. Therefore, the study investigated the copper, lead and cadmium removal from aqueous solution by cement kiln dust (CKD) as industrial by-product. The laboratory experiment included two factors. The first factor consists of three different diameter particles i.e., 50,100, and 150 . While the second factor included three concentrations of each of copper, cadmium, and lead ions namely 50,100, and 200 mg. l-1. The cement kiln dust was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to determine its chemical characteristics. Also, pH and EC were measured for the cement kiln dust solution. Before the study starting, the initial concentration of the copper, cadmium, and lead were measured in the CKD power. The study was conducted at temperature of 25 . The removal efficiency was calculated at two different time of shaking, namely 1 and 2 hours. The obtained results indicated that CKD can be used as a low cost and effective sorbent for copper, cadmium, and lead ions from polluted water. Moreover, the results show that the high pH and high surface area for the cement kiln dust have the main effect of making the CKD efficient adsorbent material.

Long-term irrigation with saline water causes detrimental effects on the soil-crop system. The study aimed to determine the best combination of Phosphogypsum and humic acid can mitigate the negative effects of saline water irrigation on broccoli growth. Therefore, two-factorial field experiment was conducted according to a randomized complete block design with three replications during autumn season of 2021 in Fallujah district /Anbar governorate in sandy loam soil. The first factor included three levels of saline water irrigation, namely 2.5, 5.0 and 7.0 dS.m-1. while the second factor involved three levels of humic acids i.e., 0.0, 0.25 and 0.50 g/l mixed with three levels of phosphogypsum that is 0.0, 0.25 and 0.50 g/l. Fruits weight, height, yield, plant nitrogen content, plant phosphorus, and plant potassium content were measured. The results showed that the combinations under study ( humic acids and phosphogypsum) had a crucial role in reducing the negative effects of irrigation salinity. Moreover, the macronutrients availability increased with increasing humic acids concentration in irrigation water. The observed results show a significant increase in the weight of broccoli fruit and yield at T8 by giving 325 g. plant-1and 8.66 t.h-1 respectively under effect of the combination under study. Also, the studied combinations led to increase the N,P,and K concentration in plant tissues. Where the highest observed averages of nitrogen and potassium were 3.96% and 2.56% at T8 treatment. While The highest concentration of phosphorus was observed at treatment T9 reached 0.47%.

HighlightsClay and clay combined with zeolite was utilized for the production of clay pipes for subsurface micro-irrigation.Various modelling approaches are mathematically complex and require computational and technical skills, hence the need for other simpler approaches.Non-contact imaging and supervised classification (ArcGIS) techniques are utilized for wetting pattern study.The Plexiglas soil column experiment and incorporated techniques provide a visual understanding of soil-water movement interaction.Abstract. The increasing prominence of clay pipes in irrigation water application in drier regions and the importance of soil wetting pattern information requires a better understanding of subsurface irrigation system design and management. This article reported findings on two different porous clay pipes made up of 100% clay, and 25% zeolite as an additive to the 75% clay developed and produced. A new method was proposed to evaluate their performance. A non-contact thermal imaging technique and maximum likelihood supervised classification algorithm on ArcGIS software methods were used for wetting pattern dimensions determination. A Plexiglas soil column filled with homogeneous sandy textured soil profile was used in laboratory experiments. The non-contact thermal imaging technique was used to capture thermal and digital images at different water application times. The images were then classified using a maximum likelihood supervised classification algorithm on the ArcGIS software interface. The results revealed that cumulative water applied increased with an increase in application time. The maximum predicted depth and width for modified pipes were 12.4 and 18 cm, respectively. For the non-modified pipes, the dimension was 11.2 and 17 cm for depth and width, respectively. The maximum recorded wetted area was 46.56% under modified pipes compared with 41.01% for non-modified pipes. The higher uniform area coverage was achieved under modified clay pipes rather than in the clay porous pipes. The study concluded that the proposed imaging technique predicted the soil wetting pattern dimension with acceptable accuracy and provided for a simple and visual approach. Keywords: ArcGIS, Subsurface irrigation, Supervised classification system, Thermal imaging camera, Wetted depth, Wetted width.