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of hypertension in pregnancy 757 to 10% of pregnancies in the United States and Europe. Women with chronic HT (1%-5% of the general population) have a higher risk of PE than women without pre existing HT (17%-25% vs 3%-5%, respectively). Furthermore, 7% to 20% of women with chronic HT have poor BP control in pregnancy (excluding those with PE). Significantly elevated BP in pregnancy is a di rect threat to maternal and fetal health and life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), HT and its complications are among the leading causes of mortality in pregnancy in developed countries (approx. 16%). 9-11 HT promotes low birth weight (LBW), increas es the risk of PE superimposed on chronic HT and preterm birth, may cause placental abrup tion, leads to complications which require pro longed intensive care of a neonate with special ist neonatal treatment, and may cause intrauter ine fetal death. 12,13 PE is the most dangerous maternal complica tion of HT. PE is associated with a particularly high risk of complications harmful to the mother

Disclaimer: The position statement represent the views of the authors and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their dating. The authors and societies are not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy, and/or ambiguity between the position statement and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthcare or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the position statement fully into account when exercising their clinical judgment as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic, or therapeutic medical strategies. 118 www.ah.viamedica.pl ABPM -ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ACE-I -angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor AF -atrial fibrillation AFI -amniotic fluid index AFL -atrial flutter AGA -appropriate for gestational age AHI -apnea hypopnea index AKI -acute kidney injury ALT -alanine transaminase ARB -angiotensin receptor blocker ARR -aldosterone-to-renin ratio AST -aspartate aminotransferase AT -atrial tachycardia BAV -bicuspid aortic valve BMI -body mass index BNP -B-nariuretic peptide BP -blood pressure Bpm -beats per minute BPP -biophysical profile CABG -coronary artery bypass graft CAD -coronary artery disease CKD -chronic kidney disease CNS -central nervous system CoA -coarctation of the aorta CPAP -continuous positive airway pressure CPR -cerebroplacental ratio CTG -cardiotocography CV -cardiovascular DBP -diastolic blood pressure DIC -disseminated intravascular coagulation DM -diabetes mellitus ECMO -extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECG -electrocardiography EF -ejection fraction ESC -European Society of Cardiology ESH -European Society of Hypertension EVA -early vascular ageing FDA -Food and Drug Administration FHR -foetal heart rate FIGO -International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics FMD -fibromuscular dysplasia FMF -Fetal Medicine Foundation FPS -frame per second GFR -glomerular filtration rate HELLP -hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet countuterine growth restriction IVF -in vitro fertilisation LBBB -left bundle branch block LBW -low birth weight LDH -lactate dehydrogenase LQTS -long QT syndrome LVAD -left ventricular assist device LVEF -left ventricular ejection fraction MAP -mean arterial pressure MCA -middle cerebral artery MCS -mechanical circulatory support MDT -multidisciplinary team MRA -mineralocorticoids renceptor antagonist MRAs -mineralocorticoids renceptor antagonists MRI -magnetic resonance imaging NSTEMI -non-ST elevation myocardial infarction NT-BNP -N-terminal pro-BNP NTS -non-stress-test OGTT -oral glucose tolerance test OSA -obstructive sleep apnoea p.o. -per os PA -primary aldosteronism PAPP-A -pregnancy associated placental protein PCI -percutaneous coronary intervention PE -pre-eclampsia PI -pulsatility index PlGF -placental growth factor PPCM -peripartum cardiomyopathy PPGL -pheochromocytoma a...

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