This article describes a quality improvement project to reduce the number of patients with diabetes who have poor glycemic control in a large tertiary care endocrinology clinic. The project used the Lean Six Sigma Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control process improvement methodology to develop clinic workflow processes for obtaining A1C measurements in a timely manner to facilitate interventions to improve glycemic control. The percentage of patients with poorly controlled diabetes (A1C >9.0% or missing value in the past 12 months) significantly improved from 26.4% at baseline to 16% (P <0.001), and the proportion of patients with an A1C test within 3–6 months of an appointment improved from 76 to 92%.

Diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. Early detection and appropriate timely treatment would result in 50–70% reduction in blindness due to DM, with a positive economic impact on patients and the healthcare system. The purpose of our project is to improve screening rates for retinopathy among patients with DM seen in a large endocrinology clinic applying the Lean Six Sigma Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control project framework and clinical decision support tools embedded in the electronic health record (EHR). Retinopathy screening rates improved from 49% to 72% by the end of the project. Interventions included identifying care gaps using a population registry, patient outreach through the electronic medical record patient portal, placing referrals to ophthalmology, improving documentation in health maintenance, and tracking improvement for sustainability. Our results demonstrate that process improvement methodologies and EHR tools can be successfully applied to improve care and clinical outcomes in patients with DM.