Objective: To compare the prophylactic efficacy o f 1 g ceftriaxone with 1,5 g cefuroxime + 0.5 g metronidazole for febrile morbid ity and urinary tract infection in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. Study design: A prospective, randomized, comparative, non-blinded study with at least 100 patients on each side. The two-sample /-test was used for testing equality o f two means and the x 2 test was used for pair differences. Results: Single dose cefuroxime + metronidazole and ceftriaxone were equally effective in preventing febrile morbidity postoperatively. Additionally ceftriaxone was more effective in sterilizing pre-operatively existing bacteriuria.