The pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) are the layer of muscles that support the pelvic organs and play an important role in continence. Weakened PFMs will not fully support the internal organs, which can lead to difficulties controlling the release of urine, faeces or flatus and can cause prolapse to occur. Pregnancy and vaginal delivery are a recognised cause of PFM weakness; however, it has been shown that PFM exercises, if carried out correctly and routinely, can reduce the severity of symptoms. Midwives need to be pro-active in teaching PFM exercises and identifying women who may need to be referred for more specialist treatment. We describe an initiative to support midwives with these tasks.

Ebola virus disease, previously known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is an often fatal disease caused by a virus of the Filoviridae family. The initial signs and symptoms of the disease are non-specific, which may progress to a severe haemorrhagic illness. Currently there are no guidelines on the management of pregnant women who have contracted Ebola virus. This article offers some insight into the complexity of the disease and management of pregnant women who have contracted the virus.

By Ellie Stoneley; illustrated by Jessica D'Alton Goode

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