Conventional approaches to leadership in sport management regard leadership as a leader-centric phenomenon. Recent advances in the generic leadership literature have highlighted the way that people construct their own understanding of leadership and shown that these influence their assessment and responses to people they regard as leaders. This observer-centric perspective is collectively known as the social construction of leadership. In this conceptual paper, we demonstrate how this emerging theoretical approach can reframe and invigorate our understanding of leadership in sport management. We explore the research implications of this new approach, reflect on what this might mean for teaching, and discuss the practical ramifications for leadership in sport management that might flow from the adoption of this approach.
Ultrasound-guided endovenous ablation procedures have revolutionized the care of patients with venous reflux disease for more than a decade. Precise application of energy forms and substances that occlude superficial truncal veins is pivotal for technical success. Exact spatial and temporal delivery of ablative vectors to the vein is operator dependent, readily measurable, and hinges on precise timing of pullback of the various catheters and fibers that effect vein ablation. Several physical and online electronic pullback timing aids, including metronomes and other metric devices, are available to ensure precise ablation, although operators are often left to discover them. Although these are not ultrasound devices per se, they are essential adjuncts for the effective delivery of a key ultrasound-guided intervention and are used in direct proximity to ultrasound. To the authors’ knowledge, there are no publications regarding this key ablation step, which is typically dependent on operator resourcefulness.
R ELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE is the term which describes the encounter between the human person and God. The sensations, feelings, emotions, mind, and spirit are the arenas which mediate the experience to consciousness. Knowledge results which is at the same time both clear and unclear. Reason may cpme to know clearly the distinction between the economic and immanent Trinity, but the heart recognizes the triune presence. The experience always remains richer than knowledge. Like a lit candle placed in the center of a dark room, the area close to the flame is clear and details are seen. But as one looks to the more remote areas of the room, the light cannot penetrate the darkness, details become obscure, and only large objects are discernible. The obscured objects remain no less real than the illuminated ones.The challenge confronting theology is the person who seeks to understand faith in the world today and who wants faith to issue into a deeper love of God. Therefore the question is not whether God manifests Himself to me in experience but how I communicate with Him. This article will examine the manner in which the person in the feeling-dimension of religious experience communicates with God. I am primarily concerned, then, with the knowledge of the heart. Bernard E. Meland calls it "appreciative knowledge." Appreciative knowledge is best described by the analogy to art. In this aesthetic mode the feelings rather than logic lead the individual in the encounter. Thus the person cannot be a viewer but becomes a participant on the feeling-dimension. The analogy does not focus upon the relationship of creating but of appreciating art. The act of appreciating implies an interaction between the person and an "other" which forms a context of relationships. Appreciative knowledge, then, depends upon recognition, a discernment of sorts, that perceives what the feelings convey in relationship with another, whether the other is an El Greco painting, music by Beethoven, or sculpture by Rodin. Hence the art object interacts EDITOR'S NOTE.-This is the fifth and final article in a series on philosophical theology by the John Courtney Murray Group. The central theme of the series has been the development of an inculturated theology for the U.S. through the retrieval, in a theological context, of classical North American theology. For the earlier articles, see TS issues of
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