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The catalytic activities of various metals (Fe, Cu, Co, Ni, and Pd) for co-electrolysis of steam and CO2 were investigated using a ceramic composite electrode composed of (La0.8Sr0.2)(Cr0.5Mn0.5)O3 and yttria-stabilized zirconia at 1073 K. Pd showed the best performance, but Ni and Co also exhibited good catalytic activity, comparable to that of Pd, whereas the addition of Fe and Cu catalysts did not greatly affect the catalytic activity of the ceramic composite electrode because of oxidation of Fe in the co-electrolysis environment and the poor catalytic activity of Cu, respectively. In co-electrolysis, the addition of Co, Ni, and Pd as catalysts to the ceramic composite electrode made steam electrolysis easier than CO2 electrolysis, and this affected the syngas composition.

To develop ceramic composite anodes of solid oxide fuel cells without metal catalysts, a small amount of barium carbonate was added to an (La 0.8 Sr 0.2)(Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5)O 3 (LSCM)-YSZ ceramic composite anode and its catalytic effects on the electrode performance were investigated. A barium precursor solution with citric acid was used to synthesize the barium carbonate during ignition, while a barium precursor solution without citric acid was used to create hydrated barium hydroxide. The addition of barium carbonate to the ceramic composite anode caused stable fuel cell performance at 1073 K; this performance was higher than that of a fuel cell with CeO 2 catalyst; however, the addition of hydrated barium hydroxide to the ceramic composite anode caused poor stability of the fuel cell performance.