The filament winding method is widely used to manufacture lightweight, strong, composite products. To reduce winding time, the method of winding by filament band, which consists of several roving tows, is used. A computer numerical control winding machine is used with input path commands for precise winding operation. Before filament winding, users should verify by simulation that the input path is appropriate for the winding without any erroneous operation. Furthermore, prior to starting the winding operation, the usage length of each tow must to be checked because the manufacturing process stops unexpectedly if the tow on the creel runs out. In this work, we used the geodesic equation to generate a filament band surface and calculate the usage length of each tow. We also proposed a graphic display method to make the visual effect in accord with the real winding process. To verify the presented algorithm, a program for three-dimensional real-time graphic visualization of filament band winding process was developed.

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Obtaining reliable winding paths for non-axisymmetric shapes with current filament winding technologies is still a challenge. In this study, an algorithm was developed for generating geodesic and non-geodesic paths that are slippage- and bridging-free and can be applied to axisymmetric as well as non-axisymmetric mandrel models represented by triangular meshes. By performing a stability analysis on the winding path on a curved surface, the non-slipping and non-bridging conditions on a triangular mesh are deduced. Then, according to the inverse process of stability analysis, the next path point that satisfies the stability conditions is determined. In this method, the surface normal vector is calculated by a geodesic rather than via the weighted average method. Consequently, a stroke of the winding path is constructed by adding the next path point recursively. In addition, strategies for generating stable paths on a mandrel surface that includes concave regions are presented to avoid bridging.

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