We study deformations of N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with couplings and masses depending on space-time. The conditions to preserve part of the supersymmetry are derived and a lot of solutions of these conditions are found. The main example is the case with ISO(1, 1) × SO(3) × SO(3) symmetry, in which couplings, as well as masses and the theta parameter, can depend on two spatial coordinates. In the case in which ISO(1, 1) is enhanced to ISO(1, 2), it reproduces the supersymmetric Janus configuration found by Gaiotto and Witten. When SO(3) × SO(3) is enhanced to SO(6), it agrees with the world-volume theory of D3-branes embedded in F-theory (a background with 7-branes in type IIB string theory). We have also found the general solution of the supersymmetry conditions for the cases with ISO(1, 1)×SO(2)×SO(4) symmetry. Cases with time dependent couplings and/or masses are also considered. *

We study the two-dimensional chiral algebra associated with the simplest Argyres-Douglas type theory with an exactly marginal coupling, i.e., the (A 3 , A 3 ) theory. Near a cusp in the space of the exactly marginal deformations (i.e., the conformal manifold), the theory is well-described by the SU (2) gauge theory coupled to isolated Argyres-Douglas theories and a fundamental hypermultiplet. In this sense, the (A 3 , A 3 ) theory is an Argyres-Douglas version of the N = 2 SU (2) conformal QCD. By studying its Higgs branch and Schur index, we identify the minimal possible set of chiral algebra generators for the (A 3 , A 3 ) theory, and show that there is a unique set of closed OPEs among these generators. The resulting OPEs are consistent with the Schur index, Higgs branch chiral ring relations, and the BRST cohomology conjecture. We then show that the automorphism group of the chiral algebra we constructed contains a discrete group G with an S 3 subgroup and a homomorphism G → S 4 × Z 2 . This result is consistent with the S-duality of the (A 3 , A 3 ) theory. ♣ jchoi@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp, ♥ nishinak@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp 1 For example, the BPS index of Argyres-Douglas theories at generic points on the Coulomb branch is studied in [7, 12, 13]. began to be understood. 2 In particular, guided by the Schur limit of the superconformal indices of the Argyres-Douglas theories [15][16][17], 3 the associated chiral algebras of a class of Argyres-Douglas theories were identified [1,15,16,[20][21][22][23][24]. These results are strong enough to determine the complete spectrum of the Schur operators in this class of Argyres-Douglas theories.One common feature to the above class of Argyres-Douglas theories is, however, that they do not have an exactly marginal coupling, except for the one studied in [20]. In this sense, these theories are isolated in the space of 4d N = 2 SCFTs. On the other hand, there are many Argyres-Douglas type theories with an exactly marginal coupling, whose associated chiral algebras have not been identified (with an exception mentioned above). 4 Since such SCFTs are in continuous families parameterized by the value of the coupling, many interesting phenomena with no counterpart in isolated SCFTs occur in them. In particular, the space of the values of exactly marginal couplings (i.e., the conformal manifold) often has an action of a discrete group so that theories at two different points connected by the group action are dual to each other. This duality is usually referred to as the "S-duality." When the conformal manifold has weak and strong coupling points, the S-duality often exchanges them. 5 In this sense, the S-duality is a strong/weak duality, and therefore highly non-trivial in general. While the S-duality of theories without fractional-dimensional Coulomb branch operators were well-studied [29,30], that of the Argyres-Douglas type SCFTs are still not very clear despite many non-trivial works [31][32][33]. In particular, the action of the S-duality group on the associated chiral algebras is ...

We study deformations of N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with space-time dependent couplings by embedding probe D3-branes in supergravity backgrounds with non-trivial fluxes. The effective action on the world-volume of the D3-branes is analyzed and a map between the deformation parameters and the fluxes is obtained. As an explicit example, we consider D3-branes in a background corresponding to (p, q) 5-branes intersecting them and show that the effective theory on the D3-branes precisely agrees with the supersymmetric Janus configuration found by Gaiotto and Witten in [1]. D3-branes in an intersecting D3-brane background is also analyzed and the D3-brane effective action reproduces one of the supersymmetric configurations with ISO(1, 1) × SO(2) × SO(4) symmetry found in our previous paper [2].

We describe a case of a 51-year-old man who experienced intractable abdominal pain and back pain caused by esophageal cancer metastasis treated with a thoracic splanchnic nerve block and CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in a hybrid operating room. This report describes the treatment course and considerable improvements.

We describe the case of a 67-year-old woman who experienced lower back pain and radiating pain caused by lumbar spine treated with a transforaminal epidural steroid injection under fluoroscopic guidance. This report describes the complications and treatment of this condition.