Sunlight is the largest source of carbon-neutral energy. Large amount of energy, about 4.3 × 1020 J/hr (Lewis, 2005), is radiated because of nuclear fusion reaction by sun, but it is unfortunate that it is not exploited to its maximum level. Various photovoltaic researches are ongoing to find low cost, and highly efficient solar cell to fulfil looming energy crisis around the globe. Thin film solar cell along with enhanced absorption property will be the best, so combination of SiGe alloy is considered. The paper presented here consists of a numerical model ofSi/Si1-xGexheterostructure solar cell. The research has investigated characteristics such as short circuit current density (Jsc), generation rate (G), absorption coefficient (α), and open circuit voltage (Voc) with optimal Ge concentration. The addition of Ge content to Si layer will affect the property of material and can be calculated with the use of Vegard’s law. Due to this, short circuit current density increases.

Nuclear fusion reaction on the sun is the largest source of energy. In this paper, qualitative investigation of the numerical model of silicon germanium heterojunction solar cell is performed using MATLAB graphical user interface. The heterostructure is designed as Si 1− Ge for speculative determination of appropriate germanium mole fraction to get the maximized thin-film solar cell efficiency (). Other characteristics such as absorption coefficient ( ), energy band gap ( SiGe ), reflectivity (r), open circuit voltage ( oc ), and generation rate ( ( , )) are also considered. This user interface will reduce the complexity of solving differential equation for the analysis of silicon germanium heterojunction cell.

Agriculture is the back bone of Indian economy. Timely and sufficient supply of water is the most important requirement for agriculture. There is a continuous need of monitoring the moisture level at agriculture lands. The focus is on developing project with a simple GUI system along with mathematical modelling of a new and cost effective irrigating system. This paper introduces an automatic module to supply appropriate amount of water to the field by sensing the crop humidity requirement. It even reduces probability of soil erosion and protects the crop rotting due to over irrigation during heavy rainfall with advanced rainfall unit. This system will be economical in terms of hardware cost and power consumption. It proposes a humidity level sensor at field where sprinkling has to be done w.r.t. the quantity of water needed. The circuit monitors the water level of the tank, to prevent dry run and damage to pump.

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Abstract-Increase in demand of electricity and clean drinking water has produced a chronic need of a promising and reliable technology for the supply of both commodities, which should be entirely based on renewable sources of energy. The authors, in their previous work, had proposed a design of a hybrid power plant which used graphene membrane for power generation using reverse osmosis process. The proposal included removal of arsenic, poorly biodegradable pollutants using TiO2 nanoparticles. Chlorine production using the process of electrolysis. The plant was also electronically implemented and included pump control, fouling detection modules and decision module for the volume of effluents to be discharged. The performance of a power system is essential to be analyzed for control, stabilization and efficient modelling. In the present research paper, simulation model of the hybrid plant is analyzed. The chemical behavior is analyzed with 'Watpro 3.0' industrial software and turbine governance system is studied via MATLAB. This plant is a potential replacement of chemical purification techniques with high overhead and excess cost. It is a better, efficient, safe and reliable system to produce clean and safe drinking water and electricity simultaneously.