No abstract

One-point correlation analysis on upper-level meridional wind identified the existence of a teleconnection pattern in July, which emerges from North Africa to East Asia along the westerly jet in the middle latitudes. We examined the spatial and temporal structures of this teleconnection pattern, and found the unique characteristics rather different from the patterns in other elements such as geopotential height, streamfunction and vorticity. We also investigated the relationship between this teleconnection and precipitation, and suggested that the teleconnection is a possible linkage of the EASM to the Indian monsoon, and even to subtropical heating anomalies over Atlantic. * Corresponding author. elements are zonally elongated at the upper tropo-Address: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese sphere, because of great seasonal and interannual Academy of Sciences, PO Box 2718, Beijing 100080, variabilities in meridional position of the westerly China.

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Temperature and precipitation changes over South Korea have been studied since 1954, both in terms of means and extreme events, using observational station data. Recurrence intervals are defined to examine trends in extreme events at each station. Generally, it is possible to describe trends in temperature and precipitation over South Korea as follows. The annual mean temperature shows an upward trend at a rate of 0.23°C decade −1 in the past four to five decades. There are some indications that climatic extremes have increased during recent decades. The diurnal temperature range increased in the later part of the time series (except for summer) as a result of a faster increase in maximum temperature than in minimum temperature. This is not consistent with the results reported elsewhere in the world. A wavelet analysis of wintertime temperatures indicates that the rapid warming in the recent decade may be associated with the warm phase of a decadal-interdecadal variation. The frequency of occurrence of extreme maximum temperature events shows an increasing trend, with higher values in the 1980s and 1990s. The frequency of occurrence of extreme minimum temperature events shows the opposite, with a statistically significant decreasing trend.

One‐point correlation analysis on upper‐level meridional wind identified the existence of a teleconnection pattern in July, which emerges from North Africa to East Asia along the westerly jet in the middle latitudes. We examined the spatial and temporal structures of this teleconnection pattern, and found the unique characteristics rather different from the patterns in other elements such as geopotential height, streamfunction and vorticity. We also investigated the relationship between this teleconnection and precipitation, and suggested that the teleconnection is a possible linkage of the EASM to the Indian monsoon, and even to subtropical heating anomalies over Atlantic.