BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant mortality and morbidity in the United States. The mental health impact during the pandemic was huge and affected all age groups and population types. We reviewed the existing literature to understand the present trends of psychological challenges and different coping strategies documented across different vulnerable sections of the United States population. This rapid review was carried out to investigate the trends in psychological impacts, coping ways, and public support during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in the United States.Materials and MethodsWe undertook a rapid review of the literature following the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. We searched PubMed as it is a widely available database for observational and experimental studies that reported the psychological effects, coping ways, and public support on different age groups and healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsWe included thirty-five studies in our review and reported data predominantly from the vulnerable United States population. Our review findings indicate that COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the psychological wellbeing of various age groups differently, especially in the elderly population and HCWs. Review findings suggest that factors like children, elderly population, female gender, overconcern about family, fear of getting an infection, personality, low spirituality, and lower resilience levels were at a higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes during this pandemic. Systemic support, higher resilience levels, and adequate knowledge were identified as protecting and preventing factors. There is a paucity of similar studies among the general population, and we restricted our review specifically to vulnerable subgroups of the population. All the included studies in our review investigated and surveyed the psychological impacts, coping skills, and public support system during the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionThe evidence to date suggests that female gender, child and elderly population, and racial factors have been affected by a lack of support for psychological wellbeing. Further, research using our hypothesized framework might help any population group to deal with a pandemic-associated mental health crisis, and in that regard, analysis of wider societal structural factors is recommended.
INTRODUCTIONColorectal cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and represents 8.2% of all new cancer cases in the United States. 1 Various endoscopic techniques depending on the size and location of polyps are available for polyp removal. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for the removal of large and/ or sessile colorectal polyps can be performed with or without water assistance. 2,3 Conventional EMR (CEMR) is performed through submucosal injection to lift the lesion followed by hot snare polypectomy. 4 The US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommend CEMR for the removal of flat or sessile polyps ≥ 10 mm in size. 5,6 The clinically significant bleeding and perforation rates after CEMR range from 6% to 15% and from 1% to 2%, respectively. [7][8][9] CEMR has also been shown to be more cost-effective than surgical resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). [10][11][12] However, the major argument against CEMR comes from the high rates of residual and/or recurrent polyps, ranging from 16% to
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